React Native iOS集成Firebase遇'retain/strong属性需为对象类型'错误解决

问题场景 #

开发React Native iOS应用集成Firebase时，触发FirebaseStorage相关编译错误：

error: property with 'retain (or strong)' attribute must be of object type

完整错误日志如下：

In file included from /Users/xxxx/Documents/Grups/grups/node_modules/@react-native-firebase/messaging/ios/RNFBMessaging/RNFBMessagingSerializer.h:18:
/Users/xxxx/Documents/Grups/grups/ios/Pods/Headers/Public/Firebase/Firebase.h:50:13: fatal error: could not build module 'FirebaseFirestore'
    #import <FirebaseFirestore/FirebaseFirestore.h>
     ~~~~~~~^
While building module 'FirebaseStorage' imported from /Users/xxxx/Documents/Grups/grups/ios/Pods/Headers/Public/Firebase/Firebase.h:78:
In file included from <module-includes>:2:
/Users/xxxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/grups-ekqodkfcidbeowgmbeplgbgpybif/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/FirebaseStorage/FirebaseStorage.framework/Headers/FirebaseStorage-Swift.h:315:1: error: property with 'retain (or strong)' attribute must be of object type

相关配置 #

Podfile配置

$RNFirebaseAsStaticFramework = true

require_relative '../node_modules/react-native/scripts/react_native_pods'
require_relative '../node_modules/@react-native-community/cli-platform-ios/native_modules'

platform :ios, '13.0'
install! 'cocoapods', :deterministic_uuids => false

target 'grups' do
  
  use_frameworks! :linkage => :static

  config = use_native_modules!

  # Flags change depending on the env values.
  flags = get_default_flags()

  use_react_native!(
    :path => config[:reactNativePath],
    # Hermes is now enabled by default. Disable by setting this flag to false.
    # Upcoming versions of React Native may rely on get_default_flags(), but
    # we make it explicit here to aid in the React Native upgrade process.
    :hermes_enabled => true,
    #:fabric_enabled => flags[:fabric_enabled],
    # Enables Flipper.
    #
    # Note that if you have use_frameworks! enabled, Flipper will not work and
    # you should disable the next line.
    #:flipper_configuration => FlipperConfiguration.enabled,
    # An absolute path to your application root.
    :app_path => "#{Pod::Config.instance.installation_root}/.."
  )

  target 'grupsTests' do
    inherit! :complete
    # Pods for testing
  end

  post_install do |installer|
    react_native_post_install(
      installer,
      # Set `mac_catalyst_enabled` to `true` in order to apply patches
      # necessary for Mac Catalyst builds
      :mac_catalyst_enabled => false
    )
    __apply_Xcode_12_5_M1_post_install_workaround(installer)
  end
end

package.json依赖

{
  "name": "grups",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "android": "react-native run-android",
    "ios": "react-native run-ios",
    "start": "react-native start",
    "test": "jest",
    "lint": "eslint ."
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "react": "18.1.0",
    "react-native": "0.70.3",
    "@react-native-async-storage/async-storage": "^1.17.10",
    "@react-native-firebase/app": "^15.7.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/auth": "^15.7.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/firestore": "^15.7.0",
    "@react-native-firebase/messaging": "^15.7.1",
    "@react-native-firebase/storage": "^15.7.0",
    "@react-native-google-signin/google-signin": "^8.0.0",
    "@react-native-picker/picker": "^2.4.6",
    "@react-navigation/bottom-tabs": "^6.4.0",
    "@react-navigation/native": "^6.0.13",
    "@react-navigation/native-stack": "^6.9.0",
    "@types/react-native": "^0.70.4",
    "i18n-js": "^3.8.0",
    "react-native-date-picker": "^4.2.5",
    "react-native-image-crop-picker": "^0.38.0",
    "react-native-safe-area-context": "^4.4.1",
    "react-native-screens": "^3.17.0",
    "react-native-vector-icons": "^9.2.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/core": "^7.12.9",
    "@babel/runtime": "^7.12.5",
    "@react-native-community/eslint-config": "^2.0.0",
    "babel-jest": "^26.6.3",
    "eslint": "^7.32.0",
    "jest": "^26.6.3",
    "metro-react-native-babel-preset": "0.72.3",
    "react-test-renderer": "18.1.0"
  },
  "jest": {
    "preset": "react-native"
  }
}

解决方案 #

这个错误源于Firebase Swift框架生成的头文件与Objective-C编译的兼容性冲突，结合你的配置，按以下步骤修复：

步骤1：统一Firebase依赖版本 #

当前@react-native-firebase各子包版本不一致（messaging为15.7.1，其余为15.7.0），且版本与React Native 0.70.x可能存在兼容问题。统一升级到同一系列的稳定版本，比如15.8.0：

• 修改package.json中所有@react-native-firebase/*的版本为一致的版本：

  "@react-native-firebase/app": "^15.8.0",
  "@react-native-firebase/auth": "^15.8.0",
  "@react-native-firebase/firestore": "^15.8.0",
  "@react-native-firebase/messaging": "^15.8.0",
  "@react-native-firebase/storage": "^15.8.0"
  

• 执行命令重新安装依赖：

  npm install
  

步骤2：添加Firebase编译修复到Podfile #

在Podfile的post_install钩子中加入针对Firebase Swift框架的编译配置，解决头文件属性错误：
修改后的post_install代码如下：

post_install do |installer|
  react_native_post_install(
    installer,
    :mac_catalyst_enabled => false
  )
  __apply_Xcode_12_5_M1_post_install_workaround(installer)

  # 修复Firebase Swift框架的头文件属性错误
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    if target.name.start_with?('Firebase') && target.name != 'Firebase'
      target.build_configurations.each do |config|
        config.build_settings['SWIFT_OBJC_BRIDGING_HEADER'] = ''
        config.build_settings['SWIFT_OBJC_INTERFACE_HEADER_NAME'] = "$(PRODUCT_NAME)-Swift.h"
        config.build_settings['CLANG_WARN_DIRECT_OBJC_ISA_USAGE'] = 'NO'
      end
    end
  end
end

步骤3：彻底清理缓存并重建 #

执行以下命令清理所有缓存，避免旧编译文件干扰：

# 清理Node.js依赖缓存
rm -rf node_modules package-lock.json yarn.lock

# 切换到iOS目录清理Pods和Xcode缓存
cd ios
rm -rf Pods Podfile.lock
rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData

# 重新安装依赖和Pods
npm install
pod install --repo-update

步骤4：检查Xcode编译设置 #

打开Xcode项目，确认以下设置：

• 项目的Build Settings中，iOS Deployment Target设置为13.0或更高
• Use Legacy Swift Language Version设置为No（建议使用Swift 5.5及以上版本）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者fabio