添加WCF Core服务引用时遇CoreWCF.ProtocolException异常求助

环境与代码实现 #

服务契约与实现 #

[ServiceContract]
public interface IServiceAPI
{
    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
    void DoWork();
}

public class ServiceAPI : IServiceAPI
{
    IServiceAPICallBack Callback
    {
        get
        {
            return OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<IServiceAPICallBack>();
        }
    }
    public void DoWork()
    {
        Callback.Result(2);
    }
}

Program.cs配置 #

using CoreWCF;
using CoreWCF.Channels;
using CoreWCF.Configuration;
using CoreWCF.Description;
using System.Web.Services.Description;
using TestApp;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.WebHost.ConfigureKestrel((context, options) =>
{
    options.AllowSynchronousIO = true;
});

// 添加WSDL支持
builder.Services.AddServiceModelServices().AddServiceModelMetadata();
builder.Services.AddSingleton<IServiceBehavior, UseRequestHeadersForMetadataAddressBehavior>();

var app = builder.Build();

var myWSHttpBinding = new WSHttpBinding(SecurityMode.Transport);
myWSHttpBinding.Security.Transport.ClientCredentialType = HttpClientCredentialType.None;

app.UseServiceModel(builder =>
{
    builder.AddService<ServiceAPI>();
    builder.AddServiceEndpoint<ServiceAPI, IServiceAPI>(new BasicHttpBinding(), "/ServiceAPI/basichttp");
    builder.AddServiceEndpoint<ServiceAPI, IServiceAPI>(myWSHttpBinding, "/cowork");
});
var serviceMetadataBehavior = app.Services.GetRequiredService<ServiceMetadataBehavior>();
serviceMetadataBehavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;

app.Run();

appsettings.json配置 #

{
  "Urls": "http://localhost:5000;https://localhost:5001",
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

错误信息 #

fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware[1]
An unhandled exception has occurred while executing the request.
CoreWCF.ProtocolException: Content Type application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8 was sent to a service expecting text/xml; charset=utf-8. The client and service bindings may be mismatched.
at CoreWCF.Channels.HttpInput.ThrowHttpProtocolException(String message, HttpStatusCode statusCode, String statusDescription)
at CoreWCF.Channels.HttpInput.ValidateContentType()
at CoreWCF.Channels.HttpInput.ParseIncomingMessageAsync()
at CoreWCF.Channels.AspNetCoreReplyChannel.HandleRequest(HttpContext context)
at CoreWCF.Channels.RequestDelegateHandler.HandleRequest(HttpContext context)
at CoreWCF.Channels.ServiceModelHttpMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
at CoreWCF.Channels.MetadataMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)

错误核心是客户端请求的SOAP版本与服务端绑定期望的SOAP版本不匹配：

• BasicHttpBinding默认使用SOAP 1.1，对应Content-Type为text/xml
• WSHttpBinding默认使用SOAP 1.2，对应Content-Type为application/soap+xml

提供两种解决思路：

思路1：调整服务端元配置与端点选择 #

1. 为HTTPS端点启用元数据获取
   你的WSHttpBinding使用HTTPS传输模式，但当前仅开启了HTTP元数据获取，需补充启用HTTPS元数据：

   var serviceMetadataBehavior = app.Services.GetRequiredService<ServiceMetadataBehavior>();
   serviceMetadataBehavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
   serviceMetadataBehavior.HttpsGetEnabled = true; // 新增该行
   

2. 添加服务引用时指定对应端点的WSDL地址

   • 若使用BasicHttpBinding，引用地址填：http://localhost:5000/ServiceAPI/basichttp?wsdl
   • 若使用WSHttpBinding，引用地址填：https://localhost:5001/cowork?wsdl

思路2：统一服务端SOAP版本（可选） #

如果希望所有端点使用同一SOAP版本，可修改绑定配置：

• 让BasicHttpBinding支持SOAP 1.2：

  var basicBindingElements = new BasicHttpBinding().CreateBindingElements();
  basicBindingElements.Find<TextMessageEncodingBindingElement>().MessageVersion = MessageVersion.Soap12WSAddressing10;
  var customBasicBinding = new CustomBinding(basicBindingElements);
  
  // 用自定义绑定替换原BasicHttpBinding添加端点
  builder.AddServiceEndpoint<ServiceAPI, IServiceAPI>(customBasicBinding, "/ServiceAPI/basichttp");
  

• 或者让WSHttpBinding使用SOAP 1.1：

  var myWSHttpBinding = new WSHttpBinding(SecurityMode.Transport);
  myWSHttpBinding.Security.Transport.ClientCredentialType = HttpClientCredentialType.None;
  myWSHttpBinding.MessageVersion = MessageVersion.Soap11WSAddressing10; // 修改该行
  

额外修复点 #

当前代码未定义回调契约IServiceAPICallBack，需补充完整：

[ServiceContract]
public interface IServiceAPICallBack
{
    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
    void Result(int value);
}

// 服务契约需指定回调契约
[ServiceContract(CallbackContract = typeof(IServiceAPICallBack))]
public interface IServiceAPI
{
    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
    void DoWork();
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Md. Zakir Hossain