将.htaccess转换为IIS 10的web.config并解决URL重写404问题

以下是完整的web.config配置，包含所有重写规则、移除.php后缀的逻辑，同时修复/u/username/view路径的重写问题：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.webServer>
        <rewrite>
            <rules>
                <!-- 处理 /p/xxx → post.php?user=xxx -->
                <rule name="Rewrite Post" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^p/(.*)$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="post.php?user={R:1}" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 处理 /register → register.php -->
                <rule name="Rewrite Register" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^register$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="register.php" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 处理 /login → login.php -->
                <rule name="Rewrite Login" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^login$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="login.php" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 处理 /u/username/view → messages.php?username=xxx -->
                <rule name="Rewrite User View" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^u/(.*)/view$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="messages.php?username={R:1}" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 处理 /u → messages.php -->
                <rule name="Rewrite Messages" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^u$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="messages.php" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 允许不带.php后缀访问页面 -->
                <rule name="Remove PHP Extension" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^(.*)$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}.php" matchType="IsFile" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="{R:1}" />
                </rule>

                <!-- 可选：强制将带.php的URL重定向到无后缀版本，保证URL统一 -->
                <rule name="Redirect PHP to Clean URL" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^(.*)\.php$" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Redirect" url="{R:1}" redirectType="Permanent" />
                </rule>
            </rules>
        </rewrite>
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>

1. 修复/u/username/view重写：原.htaccess规则存在语法错误，新增规则匹配/u/xxx/view格式，将用户名作为username参数传递给messages.php，需在messages.php中通过$_GET['username']获取该值。
2. 移除.php后缀：通过两条规则实现——先让服务器接受无后缀请求并映射到对应.php文件；可选的重定向规则会将带.php的URL永久跳转到无后缀版本，避免重复内容。
3. 解决404问题：所有重写规则都添加了判断逻辑，仅当请求路径不是真实文件或目录时才触发重写，不会干扰图片、CSS等静态资源的访问。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lorenzo