将PHP cURL POST请求转为Google Apps Script时遇500错误求排查

VoIP.ms提供可发送短信的API，给出了PHP cURL示例代码，用户通过终端curl命令可成功发送短信，但自行编写的Google Apps Script运行时返回500服务器错误，错误信息显示SOAP相关异常，现排查问题所在。

PHP示例代码 #

<?
$postfields = array(
    'api_username'=>'john@domain.com',
    'api_password'=>'password',
    'method'=>'getServersInfo',
    'server_pop'=>'1'
);

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://voip.ms/api/v1/rest.php");
$result = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);

$data=json_decode($result,true);

echo "<pre>";
print_r($data);
echo "</pre>";
?>

可正常运行的终端curl命令 #

curl -X POST -F 'api_username=john@domain.com' -F 'api_password=password' -F 'method=sendSMS' -F 'did=1234567890' -F 'dst=0987654321' -F 'message=Hello' https://voip.ms/api/v1/rest.php

用户编写的Google Apps Script代码 #

function sendSMS() {
  var formData = {
    api_username : "john@domain.com",
    api_password : "password",
    method : "sendSMS",
    did : 1234567890,
    dst : 0987654321,
    message : "Hello"
};
  var options = {
    method : "POST",
    payload : formData
};
  UrlFetchApp.fetch("https://voip.ms/api/v1/rest.php", options);
}

错误信息 #

Exception: Request failed for https://voip.ms returned code 500. Truncated server response:
<env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">env:Bodyenv:Faultenv:Codeenv:Value... (use muteHttpExceptions option to examine full response)
sendSMS @ Code.gs:14

问题原因及修复方案 #

核心问题 #

Google Apps Script的UrlFetchApp默认将对象格式的payload编码为application/x-www-form-urlencoded，但VoIP.ms API需要的是multipart/form-data格式（对应curl的-F参数、PHP传递数组给CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS的自动编码）。此外，dst字段的0987654321作为数字会丢失前导零，必须以字符串形式传递。

修复后的代码 #

function sendSMS() {
  var formData = {
    api_username: "john@domain.com",
    api_password: "password",
    method: "sendSMS",
    did: "1234567890",
    dst: "0987654321",
    message: "Hello"
  };
  
  var options = {
    method: "POST",
    payload: formData,
    contentType: "multipart/form-data"
  };
  
  // 开启异常静默并打印响应，方便调试
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch("https://voip.ms/api/v1/rest.php", {
    ...options,
    muteHttpExceptions: true
  });
  
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}

关键修改点 #

• 添加contentType: "multipart/form-data"，确保请求格式与curl/PHP示例一致
• 将did和dst改为字符串类型，避免前导零丢失或数字格式解析错误
• 增加muteHttpExceptions: true并打印响应内容，便于后续排查其他潜在问题

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pablo