无法安装Cartopy：编译缺失geos_c.h头文件求助

你的报错核心是缺少GEOS库的C API头文件geos_c.h，这是Cartopy的核心依赖之一，下面是几种可行的解决方案：

方案1：用conda一键安装（推荐） #

conda会自动处理所有依赖的编译和安装，无需手动配置：

conda install -c conda-forge cartopy

方案2：使用预编译的pip轮子 #

下载对应你的Python版本（3.10）和系统架构（AMD64）的Cartopy预编译轮子文件，然后用pip安装：

pip install 你的轮子文件路径.whl

这类预编译包已经内置了GEOS等依赖，不需要本地编译。

方案3：手动安装GEOS后编译Cartopy #

1. 下载并安装GEOS库的Windows预编译版本，确保安装目录下的include文件夹包含geos_c.h，lib文件夹包含对应的库文件。
2. 安装Cartopy时指定GEOS的路径：

pip install cartopy --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-I你的GEOS安装目录/include" --global-option="-L你的GEOS安装目录/lib"

附报错信息 #

"C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.33.31629\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe" /c /nologo /O2 /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -I. -I./lib/cartopy -IC:\Users\Sogata\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-nkjqwiqm\overlay\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -IC:\Users\Sogata\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\include -IC:\Users\Sogata\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\Include "-IC:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.33.31629\include" "-IC:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.33.31629\ATLMFC\include" "-IC:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Auxiliary\VS\include" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.19041.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.19041.0\\cppwinrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\NETFXSDK\4.8\include\um" /EHsc /Tplib/cartopy/trace.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-cpython-310\Release\lib/cartopy/trace.obj
      trace.cpp
      lib/cartopy/trace.cpp(767): fatal error C1083: Impossible d'ouvrir le fichier includeÿ: 'geos_c.h'ÿ: No such file or directory
      error: command 'C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2022\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.33.31629\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for cartopy
Failed to build cartopy
ERROR: Could not build wheels for cartopy, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sogata