如何绕过Google自动化查询安全检测批量下载Drive文件？

问题描述 #

有300个Google Drive的PDF文件需要下载，使用Python的requests库编写批量下载脚本，但下载30-36个文件后，Google会拦截请求并返回：

We're sorry...... but your computer or network may be sending automated queries. To protect our users, we can't process your request right now.

尝试过VPN切换IP但无效，需等待约1小时才能恢复下载，需求是绕过该安全检测。

用户原代码如下：

import requests
def download_file_from_google_drive(id, destination):
    URL = "https://docs.google.com/uc?export=download"

    session = requests.Session()

    response = session.get(URL, params = { 'id' : id }, stream = True)
    if response.status_code!=200:
        print(response.status_code)
        return response.status_code
    print('downloading '+ destination)
    token = get_confirm_token(response)
    if token:
        params = { 'id' : id, 'confirm' : token }
        response = session.get(URL, params = params, stream = True)

    save_response_content(response, destination)    

def get_confirm_token(response):
    for key, value in response.cookies.items():
        if key.startswith('download_warning'):
            return value

    return None

def save_response_content(response, destination):
    CHUNK_SIZE = 32768

    with open(destination, "wb") as f:
        i = 0
        for chunk in response.iter_content(CHUNK_SIZE):
            print(str(i)+'%')
            i = i+1
            if chunk: # filter out keep-alive new chunks
                f.write(chunk)
    print('downloaded '+ destination)
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    file_id = 'file id'
    destination = file_id+'.pdf'
    download_file_from_google_drive(file_id, destination)

解决方法 #

核心优化思路 #

• 模拟浏览器请求头：Google会校验请求的来源标识，添加真实浏览器的请求头可降低被识别为自动化工具的概率。
• 控制请求频率：添加随机延迟，避免短时间内大量请求触发频率阈值。
• 复用会话：使用同一个Session保持Cookie和会话状态，模拟真实用户的连续操作。

修改后的代码 #

import requests
import time
import random

# 模拟主流浏览器的请求头，可根据自己的浏览器调整
HEADERS = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3',
    'Referer': 'https://docs.google.com/'
}

# 全局复用Session，保持会话一致性
session = requests.Session()
session.headers.update(HEADERS)

def download_file_from_google_drive(file_id, destination):
    URL = "https://docs.google.com/uc?export=download"

    response = session.get(URL, params={'id': file_id}, stream=True)
    if response.status_code != 200:
        print(f"[{file_id}] 请求失败，状态码：{response.status_code}")
        return response.status_code
    
    print(f'开始下载：{destination}')
    token = get_confirm_token(response)
    if token:
        params = {'id': file_id, 'confirm': token}
        response = session.get(URL, params=params, stream=True)

    save_response_content(response, destination)    

def get_confirm_token(response):
    for key, value in response.cookies.items():
        if key.startswith('download_warning'):
            return value
    return None

def save_response_content(response, destination):
    CHUNK_SIZE = 32768
    total_size = int(response.headers.get('content-length', 0))
    downloaded = 0

    with open(destination, "wb") as f:
        for chunk in response.iter_content(CHUNK_SIZE):
            if chunk:
                f.write(chunk)
                downloaded += len(chunk)
                # 优化进度显示，避免刷屏
                if total_size > 0:
                    progress = (downloaded / total_size) * 100
                    print(f'\r下载进度：{progress:.1f}%', end='')
    print(f'\n已完成：{destination}')
    
    # 添加2-6秒的随机延迟，模拟用户操作间隔
    delay = random.uniform(2, 6)
    print(f'等待 {delay:.1f} 秒后继续...\n')
    time.sleep(delay)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 替换为你的300个文件ID列表
    file_ids = ['file_id_1', 'file_id_2', 'file_id_3']
    for index, file_id in enumerate(file_ids):
        destination = f'document_{index+1}.pdf'
        download_file_from_google_drive(file_id, destination)

额外建议 #

• 如果仍然被拦截，可以尝试进一步增加延迟时间（比如5-10秒），或者分批次下载（比如每下载20个就暂停10分钟）。
• 若遇到验证码页面，可考虑使用无头浏览器模拟真实交互，但这种方式复杂度更高，建议优先调整请求频率和请求头。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Chandan