Docker Compose构建Python镜像失败：权限被拒或仓库不存在

问题概述 #

在Windows 10环境中执行docker-compose -f local.yml up -d --remove-orphans构建Django REST API的api服务时失败，报错显示拉取docker.io/library/python-build-stage:latest镜像时权限不足或仓库不存在。已验证单独拉取python:3.9-slim-bullseye镜像正常，重新登录Docker也无法解决。

关键错误信息 #

PS C:\Users\...\MasterDjangoRESTFrameworkWithDocker\authors-haven-api\authors-src> docker-compose -f local.yml up -d --remove-orphans   
Building api
[+] Building 1.2s (9/18)
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                       0.1s 
 => => transferring dockerfile: 32B                                                                                                                        0.0s 
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                          0.1s 
 => => transferring context: 34B                                                                                                                           0.0s 
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.9-slim-bullseye                                                                                0.0s 
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                                                          0.2s 
 => => transferring context: 5.14kB                                                                                                                        0.1s 
 => [python 1/1] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.9-slim-bullseye                                                                                           0.0s 
 => ERROR FROM docker.io/library/python-build-stage:latest                                                                                                 0.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/python-build-stage:latest                                                                                                 0.9s 
 => CACHED [python-run-stage  1/11] WORKDIR /app                                                                                                           0.0s 
 => CANCELED [python-run-stage  2/11] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y     libpq-dev     gettext     && apt-get purge -y   1.0s 
 => [auth] library/python-build-stage:pull token for registry-1.docker.io                                                                                  0.0s 
------
 > FROM docker.io/library/python-build-stage:latest:
------
failed to load cache key: pull access denied, repository does not exist or may require authorization: server message: insufficient_scope: authorization failed  
ERROR: Service 'api' failed to build : Build failed

问题定位 #

检查Django Dockerfile发现构建阶段名称存在拼写错误：

# 错误的构建阶段命名
FROM python as pthyon-build-stage

由于此处将python-build-stage误写为pthyon-build-stage，后续执行COPY --from=python-build-stage时，Docker无法找到本地定义的构建阶段，默认尝试从公共Docker Hub仓库拉取不存在的python-build-stage镜像，因此触发上述错误。

修复方案 #

修改Django Dockerfile中的构建阶段名称，纠正拼写错误：

# 正确的构建阶段命名
FROM python as python-build-stage

保存修改后，重新执行docker-compose -f local.yml up -d --remove-orphans即可完成api服务的构建。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者justin107d