如何从Tkinter Entry组件获取文本存入变量？WhatsApp群发程序求助

Hey there! Let's get your WhatsApp message sender working properly—your core idea is great, but there are a few common Tkinter and scope issues that are making the .get() method fail. Let's break down the problems and fix them one by one.

Key Issues in Your Code #

• Entry Variable Assignment Mistake: When you write message = tkinter.Entry(window).grid(row=0, column=1), you're storing the return value of grid() (which is None) in message, not the actual Entry widget. That's why .get() doesn't work—you're calling it on None!
• Variable Scope Problem: The message, recipient_one, etc. variables are local to your begin() function, so your message_send() function can't access them at all.
• Multiple Tk Instances: Creating two separate Tk() windows (root and window) causes unexpected behavior. Use Toplevel() for child windows instead.
• Wrong Button Parent: Your "Send" button is attached to the main root window instead of the input window you created in begin().
• Invalid XPath: Your Selenium XPath is missing quotes around the title value, which will throw an error when trying to locate the chat.

Fixed Code #

import tkinter as tk
import pyautogui
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

# Declare global variables to share between functions
message = None
recipient_one = None
recipient_two = None
recipient_three = None
recipient_four = None
recipient_five = None

def message_send():
    global message, recipient_one
    # Get values from Entry widgets
    target_one = recipient_one.get().strip()
    string = message.get().strip()
    
    if not target_one or not string:
        print("Please fill in both message and recipient fields!")
        return
    
    # Initialize Selenium driver
    driver = webdriver.Chrome('C:/Program Files(x86)/chromedriver_win32/chromedriver')
    driver.get("https://web.whatsapp.com/")
    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 600)
    
    # Fixed XPath with proper quotes around title value
    x_arg = f'//span[contains(@title,"{target_one}")]'
    group_title = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, x_arg)))
    group_title.click()
    
    # Locate message input box and send message
    input_box = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//div[@contenteditable="true"][@data-tab="1"]')))
    input_box.send_keys(string + Keys.ENTER)

def begin():
    global message, recipient_one, recipient_two, recipient_three, recipient_four, recipient_five
    # Use Toplevel instead of Tk() for child window
    window = tk.Toplevel(root)
    window.title("Whatsapp Message Creator")
    
    # Create Entry widgets first, then grid them (so variables hold the widget, not None)
    tk.Label(window, text="Write advert here:").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    message = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    message.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    tk.Label(window, text="Write recipient 1 here:").grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    recipient_one = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    recipient_one.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    tk.Label(window, text="Write recipient 2 here:").grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    recipient_two = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    recipient_two.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    tk.Label(window, text="Write recipient 3 here:").grid(row=3, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    recipient_three = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    recipient_three.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    tk.Label(window, text="Write recipient 4 here:").grid(row=4, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    recipient_four = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    recipient_four.grid(row=4, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    tk.Label(window, text="Write recipient 5 here:").grid(row=5, column=0, padx=5, pady=5)
    recipient_five = tk.Entry(window, width=50)
    recipient_five.grid(row=5, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
    
    # Attach send button to the child window
    send_button = tk.Button(window, text='Send', width=20, command=message_send)
    send_button.grid(row=6, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=10)

# Main window setup
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("WhatsApp Message Creator")

tk.Label(root, text="""Welcome to the Whatsapp Message Creator!""", 
         justify=tk.LEFT, padx=20, pady=10).pack()

begin_button = tk.Button(root, text='Begin', width=20, command=begin)
begin_button.pack(pady=5)

exit_button = tk.Button(root, text='Exit', width=20, command=root.destroy)
exit_button.pack(pady=5)

# Only one mainloop needed
root.mainloop()

What We Changed #

1. Entry Widget Fix: We now create each Entry widget first, then call .grid() separately. This ensures variables like message hold the actual Entry object, not None.
2. Global Variables: We declared variables at the top and used the global keyword in functions to let them access and modify these shared variables.
3. Child Window with Toplevel: Replaced the second Tk() instance with Toplevel(root) to create a proper child window attached to the main root window, avoiding Tkinter conflicts.
4. Fixed Button Parent: The "Send" button is now part of the input window, not the main window.
5. Valid XPath: Used an f-string to properly wrap the recipient name in quotes in the XPath, making it syntactically correct for Selenium.
6. Added Input Validation: We check if the message and recipient fields are empty before proceeding, to avoid errors.
7. Cleaned Imports & Mainloop: Removed duplicate imports and extra mainloop() calls—only one at the end is needed.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pringles101