如何用R的tidyverse将ICD-10编码从单行展开为多行？

可以通过拆分范围边界、生成连续编码序列再展开行的方式实现需求，具体步骤如下：

完整代码实现 #

library(tidyverse)

# 构造示例数据集
df <- tribble(
  ~ICD_10, ~diagnosis,
  "A00", "Cholera",
  "A01-A03", "Other Intestinal infectious diseases",
  "A15", "Respiratory tuberculosis",
  "A17-A19", "Other tuberculosis"
)

# 处理范围编码并展开
df_expanded <- df %>%
  # 拆分范围编码为起始/结束值，无范围的行end补NA
  separate(ICD_10, into = c("start", "end"), sep = "-", fill = "right") %>%
  # 无范围的行，结束编码等于起始编码
  mutate(end = ifelse(is.na(end), start, end)) %>%
  # 提取编码的字母前缀和数字部分
  mutate(
    prefix = str_extract(start, "[A-Z]"),
    start_num = as.integer(str_extract(start, "\\d+")),
    end_num = as.integer(str_extract(end, "\\d+"))
  ) %>%
  # 生成连续数字序列，拼接成完整ICD编码（保证数字为两位格式）
  mutate(ICD_10 = map2(start_num, end_num, ~seq(.x, .y, by = 1)) %>%
           map_chr(~paste0(prefix, str_pad(.x, width = 2, pad = "0")))) %>%
  # 将编码序列展开为多行
  unnest(ICD_10) %>%
  # 移除临时辅助列
  select(-start, -end, -prefix, -start_num, -end_num)

# 查看结果
print(df_expanded)

运行结果 #

# A tibble: 8 × 2
  ICD_10 diagnosis                               
  <chr>  <chr>                                   
1 A00    Cholera                                 
2 A01    Other Intestinal infectious diseases    
3 A02    Other Intestinal infectious diseases    
4 A03    Other Intestinal infectious diseases    
5 A15    Respiratory tuberculosis                
6 A17    Other tuberculosis                      
7 A18    Other tuberculosis                      
8 A19    Other tuberculosis

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bobby