spring-oxm v5.3.23搭配jakarta.xml.bind-api v4.0.0报错咨询

问题描述 #

我正在使用spring-oxm v5.3.23，搭配jakarta.xml.bind-api v2.3.3时一切正常，但将jakarta.xml.bind-api升级至v4.0.0后，抛出了如下异常：

org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller]: Factory method 'marshaller' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:659)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:119)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1431)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:619)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:955)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1295)
        at com.example.provisioninggateway.ProvisioningGatewayApplication.main(ProvisioningGatewayApplication.java:25)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:49)
        at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:108)
        at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:58)
        at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:65)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'soapClientForCntdbTrigger' defined in class path resource [de/telekom/pd/rcsecs/provisioninggateway/configuration/SoapWebServiceConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'soapClientForCntdbTrigger' parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'marshaller' defined in class path resource [de/telekom/pd/rcsecs/provisioninggateway/configuration/SoapWebServiceConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller]: Factory method 'marshaller' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:541)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1352)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1195)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1391)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1311)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:656)
        ... 28 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'marshaller' defined in class path resource [de/telekom/pd/rcsecs/provisioninggateway/configuration/SoapWebServiceConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller]: Factory method 'marshaller' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:658)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:486)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1352)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1195)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1391)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1311)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
        ... 41 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller]: Factory method 'marshaller' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:653)
        ... 55 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException
        at com.example.provisioninggateway.configuration.SoapWebServiceConfig.marshaller(SoapWebServiceConfig.java:54)
        at com.example.provisioninggateway.configuration.SoapWebServiceConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$acee654f.CGLIB$marshaller$4(<generated>)
        at com.example.provisioninggateway.configuration.SoapWebServiceConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$acee654f$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$6fcdb592.invoke(<generated>)
        at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244)
        at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:331)
        at com.example.provisioninggateway.configuration.SoapWebServiceConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$acee654f.marshaller(<generated>)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154)
        ... 56 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.xml.bind.JAXBException
        at java.base/java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:445)
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:587)
        at org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader.loadClass(LaunchedURLClassLoader.java:151)
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:520)
        ... 67 common frames omitted

观察发现：Maven仓库中2022年9月发布的spring-oxm v5.3.23仍在使用旧命名空间下的javax.xml.bind.JAXBException，而该类在jakarta.xml.bind-api v4.0.0中已改为jakarta.xml.bind.JAXBException。但在spring-oxm的Git仓库主分支代码里，早在2021年8月就已使用新的jakarta命名空间。

请问是否有其他方式可以使用jakarta.xml.bind-api v4.0.0，还是必须等待spring-oxm发布新版本？

解决方案 #

1. 核心原因 #

Spring Framework 5.3.x系列是基于**Java EE（javax命名空间）构建的，它的Jaxb2Marshaller依赖javax.xml.bind.JAXBException等旧命名空间类。而Jakarta XML Bind API 4.0.0是Jakarta EE 9+**规范的实现，已经完全迁移到jakarta.xml.bind命名空间，移除了所有javax相关的类，两者存在命名空间不兼容的问题。

Git仓库主分支的代码是Spring Framework 6.x的版本，该版本全面支持Jakarta EE 9+，所以已经切换到新命名空间，但5.3.x作为维护分支，不会合并Jakarta迁移的代码，因此Maven仓库中的5.3.23仍使用javax命名空间。

2. 可行解决方式 #

方式一：降级Jakarta XML Bind API到兼容版本

继续使用jakarta.xml.bind:jakarta.xml.bind-api:2.3.3，这个版本是javax到jakarta的过渡版本，同时保留了javax.xml.bind包下的类，能完美适配Spring OXM 5.3.x。

方式二：升级Spring生态到支持Jakarta EE 9+的版本

直接升级到Spring Framework 6.x（对应Spring OXM 6.x），该版本已经全面迁移到Jakarta命名空间，完全兼容Jakarta XML Bind API 4.0.0。注意：

• Spring Framework 6.x要求JDK 17及以上版本
• 需同步升级Spring Boot到3.x版本（因为Spring Boot 3.x基于Spring Framework 6.x）

方式三：临时使用桥接包（不推荐长期使用）

如果暂时无法升级或降级，可添加GlassFish的JAXB运行时包作为桥接：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.4</version>
</dependency>

该包包含了javax到jakarta的类映射，能临时解决类找不到的问题，但可能存在潜在的兼容性风险，仅作为临时过渡方案。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Suthan S M