RStudio中基于Date与Char类型变量绘制年/月统计直方图

1. 加载依赖包 #

先确保安装并加载tidyverse（包含数据处理工具dplyr和绘图工具ggplot2）：

# 未安装则执行此句
install.packages("tidyverse")
library(tidyverse)

2. 数据预处理 #

从Date列提取时间维度，再分组统计总数（以下提供两种统计逻辑，按需选择）：

按年份统计 #

# 统计每年总记录数
yearly_total <- df %>%
  mutate(year = lubridate::year(Date)) %>%
  group_by(year) %>%
  summarise(total = n())

# 按Condition分类统计每年数量
yearly_by_condition <- df %>%
  mutate(year = lubridate::year(Date)) %>%
  group_by(year, Condition) %>%
  summarise(total = n())

按月份统计 #

# 按「年月」统计（保留年份，如2023-01）
monthly_yearly <- df %>%
  mutate(month_year = lubridate::floor_date(Date, "month")) %>%
  group_by(month_year) %>%
  summarise(total = n())

# 按「月份」跨年份汇总（所有1月数据合并）
monthly_total <- df %>%
  mutate(month = lubridate::month(Date, label = TRUE)) %>%
  group_by(month) %>%
  summarise(total = n())

3. 绘制年份统计图形 #

基础年份总数量柱状图 #

ggplot(yearly_total, aes(x = factor(year), y = total)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill = "#2E86AB") +
  labs(title = "按年份统计记录总数", x = "年份", y = "总数") +
  theme_minimal()

按Condition分类的年份堆叠柱状图 #

ggplot(yearly_by_condition, aes(x = factor(year), y = total, fill = Condition)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  labs(title = "按年份统计各Condition数量", x = "年份", y = "总数", fill = "Condition类型") +
  theme_minimal()

4. 绘制月份统计图形 #

年月时间序列折线图 #

ggplot(monthly_yearly, aes(x = month_year, y = total)) +
  geom_line(color = "#2E86AB", linewidth = 1) +
  geom_point(size = 2) +
  labs(title = "按年月统计记录总数", x = "年月", y = "总数") +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1))

跨年份月份汇总柱状图 #

ggplot(monthly_total, aes(x = month, y = total)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", fill = "#F24C4E") +
  labs(title = "按月份统计记录总数（跨年份汇总）", x = "月份", y = "总数") +
  theme_minimal()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Usman YousafZai