Windows10子系统Ubuntu中Perl模块安装失败：gzip执行格式错误

问题重现 #

执行cpan HTTP::Tiny时出现以下错误：

$ cpan HTTP::Tiny
Loading internal logger. Log::Log4perl recommended for better logging
Reading '/home/user/.cpan/Metadata'
  Database was generated on Sun, 06 Nov 2022 23:29:01 GMT
Running install for module 'HTTP::Tiny'
Fetching with HTTP::Tiny:
http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz
Fetching with HTTP::Tiny:
http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/CHECKSUMS
Checksum for /home/user/.cpan/sources/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz ok
sh: 1: /usr/bin/gzip: Exec format error
/usr/bin/tar: This does not look like a tar archive
/usr/bin/tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
Uncompressed /home/user/.cpan/sources/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz successfully
Using Tar:/usr/bin/tar xf "HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar":
Untarred HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar successfully
'YAML' not installed, will not store persistent state
Package contains both files[HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar] and directories[HTTP-Tiny-0.082]; not recognized as a perl package, giving up
Configuring D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz with Makefile.PL
Running make for D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz
make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found.  Stop.
  DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz
  /usr/bin/make -- NOT OK

解决步骤 #

1. 修复损坏的gzip工具 #

错误日志中/usr/bin/gzip: Exec format error是核心问题，说明gzip工具损坏或不兼容：

• 验证gzip状态：运行gzip --version，若报错则确认工具异常
• 重新安装gzip：

  sudo apt update && sudo apt install --reinstall gzip
  

2. 清理CPAN缓存并重新安装 #

缓存的损坏压缩包会导致重复错误，先清理再重试：

• 删除缓存文件：

  rm -rf /home/user/.cpan/sources/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082*
  

• 重新执行CPAN安装：

  cpan HTTP::Tiny
  

3. 手动安装（若上述方法失效） #

如果自动安装仍有问题，手动完成解压和安装流程：

• 下载模块包：

  wget http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/D/DA/DAGOLDEN/HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz
  

• 正确解压：

  tar xzf HTTP-Tiny-0.082.tar.gz
  

• 进入模块目录并安装：

  cd HTTP-Tiny-0.082
  perl Makefile.PL
  make && make test && sudo make install
  

4. 可选：安装YAML模块 #

日志提示'YAML' not installed，安装后可解决CPAN状态存储问题：

cpan YAML

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Matt Williams