如何在Java中从另一个类依次调用带数字后缀的同名排序方法？

我正在进行一项测试不同排序方法运行时长的学校项目，已获取包含sort1至sort5排序方法的类文件。在Driver类的sortTester方法的循环中，我需要依次调用这些方法，单个方法调用示例为sortItOut.sort1(randomIntsCopy);，现有代码如下，请协助实现循环调用：

import java.io.*;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.Instant;

public class Driver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        try {
            System.out.println();
        }
        catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            System.out.printf("%nError: When executing this program, please " +
            "enter the command followed by an integer that will determine " +
            "size of the array of random integers that is created.%n");
            System.exit(0); // Terminates program
        }        
        // Creates an integer, 'n', from command line argument
        Integer size = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
        // Creates an array of size 'n'
        int[] randomInts = new int[size];

        // Creates instance of SecureRandom class
        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
        // Populates the array with random integers
        for (int i = 0; i < randomInts.length; i++) {
            randomInts[i] = secureRandom.nextInt();
        }

        int[] results = new int[5];

        sortTester(randomInts, results);
        displayResults(size, results); // Outputs table of execution times
    }

    public static void sortTester(int[] randomInts, int[] results) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.printf("Sorting array with mystery sort %d...", i+1);
            // New copy of original randomInts array
            int[] randomIntsCopy = randomInts.clone();
            Instant strtTime = Instant.now(); // Starts clock

            sortItOut.sort1(randomIntsCopy); // Sorts the array

            Instant endTime = Instant.now(); // Ends clock
            // Calculates the execution time for each iteration
            long time = (Duration.between(strtTime, endTime).toMillis());
            int timeAsInt = (int) time; // Converts long -> int
            results[i] = timeAsInt; // Populates array with each duration
            System.out.printf("   Done!%n");
        }
    }

    public static void displayResults(int size, int[] results) {
        System.out.printf("%n---------------------------%n");
        System.out.printf("| %-9s |      %6d |%n", "    N    ", size);
        System.out.printf("---------------------------%n");

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.printf("| %-9s | %8d ms |%n", "sort" + (i+1) + "Time", 
                results[i]);
            System.out.printf("---------------------------%n");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
}

核心修改：循环调用排序方法 #

通过方法引用数组实现循环调用sort1到sort5，这种方式类型安全且代码简洁，修改后的sortTester方法如下：

public static void sortTester(int[] randomInts, int[] results) {
    // 定义方法引用数组，对应sort1至sort5
    java.util.function.Consumer<int[]>[] sortMethods = 
        (java.util.function.Consumer<int[]>[]) new java.util.function.Consumer[] {
            sortItOut::sort1,
            sortItOut::sort2,
            sortItOut::sort3,
            sortItOut::sort4,
            sortItOut::sort5
        };

    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        System.out.printf("Sorting array with mystery sort %d...", i+1);
        int[] randomIntsCopy = randomInts.clone();
        Instant strtTime = Instant.now();

        // 调用对应索引的排序方法
        sortMethods[i].accept(randomIntsCopy);

        Instant endTime = Instant.now();
        long time = Duration.between(strtTime, endTime).toMillis();
        results[i] = (int) time;
        System.out.printf("   Done!%n");
    }
}

额外优化：修复异常处理逻辑 #

原代码的try-catch块无法正确捕获命令行参数缺失或格式错误的异常，修改main方法的异常处理部分：

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    Integer size;
    try {
        // 将参数解析逻辑放入try块
        size = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
    } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException | NumberFormatException e) {
        System.out.printf("%nError: 执行程序时，请在命令后输入一个合法整数，用于指定随机数组的大小。%n");
        System.exit(0);
    }        
    // 后续数组初始化、填充等代码保持不变
    int[] randomInts = new int[size];
    SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
    for (int i = 0; i < randomInts.length; i++) {
        randomInts[i] = secureRandom.nextInt();
    }

    int[] results = new int[5];
    sortTester(randomInts, results);
    displayResults(size, results);
}

说明 #

• 方法引用sortItOut::sortX要求sortX是静态方法，且参数为int[]，与你的调用示例匹配；如果sortX是实例方法，需先创建sortItOut的实例，再使用new SortItOut()::sort1这类实例方法引用。
• 若不想使用方法引用，也可以用反射实现，但反射会增加代码复杂度且存在类型安全风险，不推荐用于此类简单场景。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Fuji