Matplotlib 3D绘图出现NotImplementedError不明错误求助

我正在学习Matplotlib 3D绘图，尝试复现教程代码时，在Jupyter Notebook执行fig = plt.figure()语句时抛出NotImplementedError错误。当前Python版本为3.8.3，已确认所需依赖库已安装。

错误栈信息 #

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NotImplementedError                       Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-304-35f6bb1e64fb> in <module>
     20 
     21 # creating figure
---> 22 fig = plt.figure()
     23 ax = Axes3D(fig)
     24 

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py in figure(num, figsize, dpi, facecolor, edgecolor, frameon, FigureClass, clear, **kwargs)
    538     If there is an active figure, it will be updated and displayed before the
    539     pause, and the GUI event loop (if any) will run during the pause.
---> 540 
    541     This can be used for crude animation.  For more complex animation use
    542     :mod:`matplotlib.animation`.

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in new_figure_manager(cls, num, *args, **kwargs)
   3356 
   3357         Parameters
---> 3358         ----------
   3359         tool : tool_like
   3360             The tool to add, see `.ToolManager.get_tool`.

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ipympl/backend_nbagg.py in new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, figure)
    485         if 'nbagg.transparent' in rcParams and rcParams['nbagg.transparent']:
    486             figure.patch.set_alpha(0)
---> 487         manager = FigureManager(canvas, num)
    488 
    489         if is_interactive():

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ipympl/backend_nbagg.py in __init__(self, canvas, num)
    459         FigureManagerWebAgg.__init__(self, canvas, num)
    460         self.web_sockets = [self.canvas]
---> 461         self.toolbar = Toolbar(self.canvas)
    462 
    463     def show(self):

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ipympl/backend_nbagg.py in __init__(self, canvas, *args, **kwargs)
    120     def __init__(self, canvas, *args, **kwargs):
    121         DOMWidget.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
---> 122         NavigationToolbar2WebAgg.__init__(self, canvas, *args, **kwargs)
    123 
    124         self.on_msg(self.canvas._handle_message)

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_webagg_core.py in __init__(self, canvas)
    395         self.message = ''
    396         self._cursor = None  # Remove with deprecation.
---> 397         super().__init__(canvas)
    398 
    399     def set_message(self, message):

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in __init__(self, canvas)
   2706         elif button_name in rcParams['keymap.forward']:
   2707             toolbar.forward()
---> 2708 
   2709 
   2710 class NonGuiException(Exception):

~/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in _init_toolbar(self)
   2769 
   2770             figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(
---> 2771                 figure.canvas.manager.button_press_handler_id)
   2772     """
   2773 

NotImplementedError: 

运行的代码 #

# 创建Matplotlib 3D绘图
  
# 启用交互式绘图
%matplotlib widget
  
# 导入所需库
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
# 生成随机数据集
xs = [14, 24, 43, 47, 54, 66, 74, 89, 12,
      44, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5]
  
ys = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 6, 3,
      5, 2, 4, 1, 8, 7, 0, 5]
  
zs = [9, 6, 3, 5, 2, 4, 1, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 
      3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0]
  
# 创建画布
fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
  
# 绘制散点图
plot_geeks = ax.scatter(xs, ys, zs, color='green')
  
# 设置标题和坐标轴标签
ax.set_title("3D 散点图")
ax.set_xlabel('X轴')
ax.set_ylabel('Y轴')
ax.set_zlabel('Z轴')
  
# 显示绘图
plt.show()

解决方案尝试 #

• 更换绘图后端：将%matplotlib widget替换为%matplotlib inline，先确保绘图功能正常；若需要交互性，可尝试%matplotlib notebook作为临时替代。
• 更新依赖库：执行以下命令更新Matplotlib和ipympl，解决版本兼容问题：

  pip install --upgrade matplotlib ipympl
  

• 使用标准API创建3D坐标轴：将ax = Axes3D(fig)替换为ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')，这是Matplotlib 3.1+版本推荐的3D坐标轴创建方式，避免旧API的兼容性问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者perii