如何让Go实现的定时任务仅在工作日执行？

要让你的定时任务只在周一到周五运行，核心是在计算下一次执行时间时，判断目标日期是否为工作日，若为周末则自动顺延到下一个工作日。

修改核心函数 getNextTickDuration #

主要修改逻辑集中在getNextTickDuration中，我们需要在计算出初始的nextTick后，循环检查其星期数，直到找到符合条件的工作日：

func getNextTickDuration() time.Duration {
    now := time.Now()
    nextTick := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), HOUR_TO_TICK, MINUTE_TO_TICK, SECOND_TO_TICK, 0, time.Local)
    
    // 如果当前时间已经过了今日的执行时间，先把日期往后推一天
    if nextTick.Before(now) {
        nextTick = nextTick.Add(INTERVAL_PERIOD)
    }
    
    // 循环检查是否为工作日，非工作日则继续往后推一天
    for nextTick.Weekday() == time.Saturday || nextTick.Weekday() == time.Sunday {
        nextTick = nextTick.Add(INTERVAL_PERIOD)
    }
    
    return nextTick.Sub(time.Now())
}

完整修改后的代码 #

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

const INTERVAL_PERIOD time.Duration = 24 * time.Hour

const HOUR_TO_TICK int = 23
const MINUTE_TO_TICK int = 21
const SECOND_TO_TICK int = 03

type jobTicker struct {
    t *time.Timer
}

func getNextTickDuration() time.Duration {
    now := time.Now()
    nextTick := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day(), HOUR_TO_TICK, MINUTE_TO_TICK, SECOND_TO_TICK, 0, time.Local)
    
    if nextTick.Before(now) {
        nextTick = nextTick.Add(INTERVAL_PERIOD)
    }
    
    // 跳过周末，仅保留周一到周五
    for nextTick.Weekday() == time.Saturday || nextTick.Weekday() == time.Sunday {
        nextTick = nextTick.Add(INTERVAL_PERIOD)
    }
    
    return nextTick.Sub(time.Now())
}

func NewJobTicker() jobTicker {
    fmt.Println("new tick here")
    return jobTicker{time.NewTimer(getNextTickDuration())}
}

func (jt jobTicker) updateJobTicker() {
    fmt.Println("next tick here")
    jt.t.Reset(getNextTickDuration())
}

func main() {
    jt := NewJobTicker()
    for {
        <-jt.t.C
        fmt.Println(time.Now(), "- just ticked")
        jt.updateJobTicker()
    }
}

关键逻辑说明 #

• Go的time.Weekday类型中，Sunday对应0，Monday对应1，Friday对应5，Saturday对应6
• 循环判断nextTick的星期数，如果是周六或周日，就往后加一天，直到得到周一到周五的日期
• 先处理“当前时间已过今日执行点”的情况，再检查是否为工作日，避免出现“今日过点但为周末，直接跳转到下周一”的错误

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Awesome Lerman