如何为Python版Hangman游戏添加重玩功能及胜负占比统计

需求说明 #

已完成Hangman游戏核心逻辑，hangman()函数可正常运行并返回"victory"或"defeat"。现需实现：

• 游戏结束后询问玩家是否重玩
• 最终展示胜利、失败的百分比
• 保留hangman()函数返回值特性

修改后完整代码 #

def hangmandrawing(index):
    tab = ['''

       +---+
       |   |
           |
           |
           |
           |
     =========''', '''
    
       +---+
       |   |
       O   |
           |
           |
           |
    =========''', '''
 
       +---+
       |   |
       O   |
       |   |
           |
           |
     =========''', '''
    
       +---+
       |   |
       O   |
      /|   |
           |
           |
     =========''', '''
  
       +---+
       |   |
       O   |
      /|\  |
           |
           |
     =========''', '''
  
       +---+
       |   |
       O   |
      /|\  |
      /    |
           |
           |
     =========''', '''
 
       +---+
       O   |
      /|\  |
      / \  |
           |
           |
     =========''']
        
    return tab[index]
    
import random

words = ["critic","modest","crystal","vision","block"]

def hangman():
    # 移除硬编码，恢复随机选词
    mystery_word = random.choice(words) 
    word_found = list(mystery_word) 
    print("This is the state of the hangman : \n " ,hangmandrawing(0), " \n") 
    print(f"The mystery word is : {len(mystery_word) * ' _' } and has {len(mystery_word)} letters. \n ")
    lives = 6 
    drawing_number = 1
    hangman.letters = [] 
    while (''.join(word_found)) != mystery_word or lives > 0:
        l = input("Enter a letter : ").lower() 
        if len(l) > 1 or len(l) == 0: 
            print("You have to enter 1 letter.\n")
            continue
        elif l in hangman.letters: 
            print("You have already entered this letter.\n")
            continue  
        hangman.letters.append(l)
        word_update(mystery_word, word_found, l)
        print(f"\n{word_update.answer}")
        if l in mystery_word: 
            times_l = (mystery_word).count(l) 
            print(f"Well done! The letter you have entered is {times_l} time{'s' if times_l>1 else ''} in the word. ")
            print(f"The word is now : {''.join(word_found)}\n")
        elif l not in mystery_word:
            lives -= 1 
            print(f"The letter you have entered is not in the word, you now have {lives} lives. \n")
            print("This is the state of the hangman : " ,hangmandrawing(drawing_number), "\n") 
            print(f"The word is still : {''.join(word_found)}\n")
            drawing_number += 1
        if (''.join(word_found)).replace(" ", "") == mystery_word: 
            # 修正拼写错误foudn为found
            print("Well done! You have found the word and won the game.\n")
            return "victory"
        elif lives == 0: 
            print("Unlucky, you have no more lives and you have lost.")
            print(f"The word was {mystery_word}. \n")
            return "defeat"
        print(f"You have used the letters : ({', '.join(sorted(hangman.letters))})\n") 
          
def word_update(mystery_word, word_found, l):
    for i in range(len(mystery_word)):
        if list(mystery_word)[i] in hangman.letters:
            word_found[i] = " " + list(mystery_word)[i] 
        else:
            word_found[i] = " _"
    if l in mystery_word:
        word_update.answer = True
        return word_found, word_update.answer
    elif l not in mystery_word:
        word_update.answer = False
        return word_found, word_update.answer

# 新增游戏主循环与统计逻辑
def main():
    total_games = 0
    victories = 0
    defeats = 0
    
    while True:
        result = hangman()
        total_games += 1
        
        if result == "victory":
            victories += 1
        else:
            defeats += 1
        
        # 询问是否重玩
        play_again = input("Do you want to play again? (y/n): ").strip().lower()
        while play_again not in ['y', 'n']:
            play_again = input("Please enter 'y' (yes) or 'n' (no): ").strip().lower()
        
        if play_again == 'n':
            break
    
    # 计算并展示百分比
    if total_games > 0:
        victory_percent = (victories / total_games) * 100
        defeat_percent = (defeats / total_games) * 100
        print("\n--- Game Statistics ---")
        print(f"Total games played: {total_games}")
        print(f"Victories: {victories} ({victory_percent:.1f}%)")
        print(f"Defeats: {defeats} ({defeat_percent:.1f}%)")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

关键优化说明 #

• 主循环逻辑：新增main()函数作为游戏入口，维护total_games、victories、defeats三个统计变量，循环调用hangman()函数
• 重玩询问：每次游戏结束后获取玩家输入，仅接受'y'/'n'有效选项，控制循环是否继续
• 百分比展示：玩家退出后，基于统计数据计算胜率和败率，保留1位小数输出
• 细节修复：移除mystery_word的硬编码，修正拼写错误，添加字母出现次数的复数处理

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者nickipriv