Hardhat测试部署智能合约时owner返回0x00000000问题排查

我用Hardhat编写单元测试部署ProperSubsetERC20智能合约，已指定Hardhat网络的signers[0]地址作为部署者，但部署后调用owner()返回的是0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000，与预期的部署者地址不符。

测试代码 #

const  hre = require('hardhat')
const { expect, assert } = require('chai')

describe('ProperSubsetFund', async function () {
  // Initialize Contract Var
  let deployERC20, deployer, user1, user2, trader1, trader2
  let signers

  beforeEach(async function () {
    // Getting all the signers
    signers = await hre.ethers.getSigners()
    // console.log(signers.map(item => item.address));

    // Assign addresses to roles for later use
    deployer = signers[0].address
    user1 = signers[1].address
    user2 = signers[2].address
    trader1 = signers[3].address
    trader2 = signers[4].address

    // Read Contract ERC20
    const contractERC20 = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory('ProperSubsetERC20')
    // Read Contract Launchpad
    const contractLaunchpad = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory('ProperSubsetFactory')
    // Read Contract Funds
    const contractFunds = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory('ProperSubsetFund')

    // Deploy the three contracts
    deployERC20 = await contractERC20.connect(signers[0]).deploy(true)
    
  });

  describe('Deployment and Ownership', function () {
    it('Check if the owner is the deployer', async function () {
        expect(await deployERC20.owner()).to.equal(deployer)
    });
  });
})

报错信息 #

ProperSubsetFund
       Deployment and Ownership
         Deployment
           Should set the right owner:

      AssertionError: expected '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000…' to equal '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb…'
      + expected - actual

      -0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
      +0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266
      
      at Context.<anonymous> (test/ProperSubsetFund.test.js:71:49)
      at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)

核心问题是合约的owner变量未被正确初始化，以下是几个关键排查方向：

• 检查ProperSubsetERC20构造函数逻辑
  这是最常见的原因：

  • 如果是自定义owner实现，确保构造函数中执行了owner = msg.sender;
  • 如果继承自OpenZeppelin的Ownable合约，确认正确调用了父类构造：v5+版本用constructor() Ownable(msg.sender) {}，旧版本则需在构造函数中调用_transferOwnership(msg.sender);
  • 排查部署时传入的true参数是否触发了异常逻辑，导致owner被重置为零地址

• 等待部署交易确认
  部分测试环境下，合约实例返回后交易可能尚未上链，导致读取到未初始化的值。修改部署代码，等待交易确认：

  deployERC20 = await contractERC20.connect(signers[0]).deploy(true);
  await deployERC20.deployed(); // 等待部署交易上链完成
  

• 验证初始化流程
  如果合约使用了Initializable（可升级合约场景），需确认部署后是否调用了initialize函数，且该函数正确设置了owner

• 确认变量赋值正确性
  在测试代码中添加日志，验证deployer地址和合约返回的owner值：

  console.log("部署者地址:", deployer);
  console.log("合约owner:", await deployERC20.owner());
  

  排除变量赋值错误的可能

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Samijoe Hayek