在Google Colab的Matplotlib中使用LaTeX字体报错求助

问题详情 #

按Matplotlib官方文档配置LaTeX字体渲染，代码如下：

plt.rcParams.update({
    "text.usetex": True,
    "font.family": "Computer Modern Roman"
})

尝试通过!pip install latex安装LaTeX后，在Windows 11系统使用Google Colab时触发错误，核心报错为：

! LaTeX Error: File `type1ec.sty' not found.

完整错误日志：

RuntimeError: latex was not able to process the following string:
b'lp'

Here is the full report generated by latex:
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.18 (TeX Live 2017/Debian) (preloaded format=latex)
 restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(/root/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/41e3affc34550e765935caf5a875fad6.tex
LaTeX2e <2017-04-15>
Babel <3.18> and hyphenation patterns for 3 language(s) loaded.
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/type1cm/type1cm.sty)

! LaTeX Error: File `type1ec.sty' not found.

Type X to quit or <RETURN> to proceed,
or enter new name. (Default extension: sty)

Enter file name: 
! Emergency stop.
<read *> 
         
l.6 \usepackage
               {type1ec}^^M
No pages of output.
Transcript written on 41e3affc34550e765935caf5a875fad6.log.

解决步骤 #

1. 注意：pip install latex仅安装Python包装器，无法提供完整TeX环境，Colab需安装正规TeX Live组件。
2. 在Colab单元格中运行以下命令安装缺失依赖：

!sudo apt-get update
!sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-extra texlive-fonts-recommended dvipng cm-super

3. 安装完成后，重启Colab运行时（点击顶部菜单Runtime -> Restart runtime），再重新执行Matplotlib配置代码即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dila