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使用ScrapingAnt调用Stake.com GraphQL接口遇POST请求错误求助

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算力阿峰
2026-8-12
实时数据解析器请求错误排查与解决方案

问题描述

开发实时数据解析器时，使用ScrapingAnt绕过Cloudflare，POST请求返回错误：

POST body missing, invalid Content-Type, or JSON object has no keys.

当前使用VPN，且必须传递Cookie，代码实现如下：

headers = {
    "accept": "*/*",
    "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "accept-language": "ru-RU,ru;q=0.9,en-GB;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
    "cf-device-type": "",
    "content-length": "3315",
    "content-type": "application/json",
    "cookie": "session_info=undefined; currency_currency=btc; currency_hideZeroBalances=false; currency_currencyView=crypto; currency_bankingCurrencies=[]; casinoSearch=['Monopoly','Crazy Time','Sweet Bonanza','Money Train','Reactoonz']; sportsSearch=['Liverpool FC','Kansas City Chiefs','Los Angeles Lakers','FC Barcelona','FC Bayern Munich']; oddsFormat=decimal; sportMarketGroupMap={}; locale=ru; intercom-id-cx1ywgf2=86f79ef7-ca71-4205-8f41-b73b0b559b2e; intercom-session-cx1ywgf2=; cookie_consent=true; leftSidebarView_v2=minimized; sidebarView=hidden; cf_clearance=6420a111bb498d49b56800690b298b7bba53e91d-1667643880-0-150; __cf_bm=cj_pRlIaag.zmXOLQPWJ0GEip_W3NuRcjBa.OlOvIzU-1667643883-0-Ad3+LGxBsAD+n4k5G6mVTfRhfqAthNtU9O9VY4MicOoFQ82/DvoS6h44JXKfexV2niXlGcEBTEMB9VUOYiNbr/2tr1EidvV2unVIk7hyX8cYAcc0btV2eZv1yvPZEcGumjKYXvKuFJOx/vPpi53NXizPc8apm56HvNxb9SkKULIy",
    "dnt": "1",
    "origin": "https://stake.com",
    "referer": "https://stake.com/sports/home",
    "sec-ch-ua": "'Google Chrome';v='107', 'Chromium';v='107', 'Not=A?Brand';v='24'",
    "sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0",
    "sec-ch-ua-platform": "Windows",
    "sec-fetch-dest": "empty",
    "sec-fetch-mode": "cors",
    "sec-fetch-site": "same-origin",
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
    "x-forwarded-for": "88.99.58.45, 162.158.38.53, 172.20.242.28",
    "x-geoip-country": "DE",
    "x-geoip-state": "",
    "x-language": "ru"
}

body = """
    query highrollerSportBets($limit: Int!) {
        highrollerSportBets(limit: $limit) {
            ...RealtimeSportBet
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment RealtimeSportBet on Bet {
        id
        iid
        bet {
            __typename
            ... on PlayerPropBet {
                ...PlayerPropBetFragment
                __typename
            }
            ... on SportBet {
                outcomes {
                    fixture {
                        data {
                            __typename
                            ... on SportFixtureDataMatch {
                                competitors {
                                    name
                                    abbreviation
                                    __typename
                                }
                                __typename
                            }
                        }
                        tournament {
                            category {
                                sport {
                                    slug
                                    __typename
                                }
                                __typename
                            }
                            __typename
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    __typename
                }
                createdAt
                potentialMultiplier
                amount
                currency
                user {
                    id
                    name
                    __typename
                }
                __typename
            }
        }
    }
    
    fragment PlayerPropBetFragment on PlayerPropBet {
        __typename
        active
        amount
        cashoutMultiplier
        createdAt
        currency
        customBet
        id
        odds
        payout
        payoutMultiplier
        updatedAt
        status
        user {
            id
            name
            __typename
        }
        playerProps {
            id
            odds
            lineType
            playerProp {
                ...PlayerPropLineFragment
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment PlayerPropLineFragment on PlayerPropLine {
        id
        line
        over
        under
        suspended
        balanced
        name
        player {
            id
            name
            __typename
        }
        market {
            id
            stat {
                name
                value
                __typename
            }
            game {
                id
                fixture {
                    id
                    name
                    status
                    eventStatus {
                        ...FixtureEventStatus
                        __typename
                    }
                    data {
                        ... on SportFixtureDataMatch {
                            __typename
                            startTime
                            competitors {
                                ...CompetitorFragment
                                __typename
                            }
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    tournament {
                        id
                        category {
                            id
                            sport {
                                id
                                name
                                slug
                                __typename
                            }
                            __typename
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    __typename
                }
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment FixtureEventStatus on SportFixtureEventStatus {
        homeScore
        awayScore
        matchStatus
        clock {
            matchTime
            remainingTime
            __typename
        }
        periodScores {
            homeScore
            awayScore
            matchStatus
            __typename
        }
        currentServer {
            extId
            __typename
        }
        homeGameScore
        awayGameScore
        statistic {
            yellowCards {
                away
                home
                __typename
            }
            redCards {
                away
                home
                __typename
            }
            corners {
                home
                away
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment CompetitorFragment on SportFixtureCompetitor {
        name
        extId
        countryCode
        abbreviation
    }
"""
operationName = "highrollerSportBets"
variables = {"limit":10}

url = 'https://stake.com/_api/graphql'
sa_key = '280a2b7336344a8ea15106dd3220cc5a'
sa_api = 'https://api.scrapingant.com/v2/general'
qParams = {'url': url, 'x-api-key': sa_key}
reqUrl = f'{sa_api}?{urllib.parse.urlencode(qParams)}'

r = requests.post(url=reqUrl, json={"query": body, "operationName": operationName, "variables": variables}, headers=headers)
print(r.text)

错误原因分析

  • ScrapingAnt API请求格式错误：直接将GraphQL请求体传给ScrapingAnt，但ScrapingAnt的POST接口要求将目标请求的参数（方法、数据、请求头等）封装到特定结构中，而非直接传递目标接口的请求体。
  • 硬编码content-length：手动设置的content-length值与实际请求体长度不匹配，导致服务器解析失败。
  • VPN与ScrapingAnt冲突：ScrapingAnt自带代理IP能力，同时使用VPN会造成IP混淆，干扰Cloudflare验证和请求路由。
  • Cookie传递方式问题：直接在请求头中传递Cookie，可能因ScrapingAnt的转发机制导致Cookie未正确送达目标服务器。

修正方案

1. 调整ScrapingAnt请求格式

修正后的代码将目标请求的所有参数封装到ScrapingAnt要求的请求体结构中：

import requests
import urllib.parse

headers = {
    "accept": "*/*",
    "accept-encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
    "accept-language": "ru-RU,ru;q=0.9,en-GB;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
    "cf-device-type": "",
    "content-type": "application/json",
    "cookie": "session_info=undefined; currency_currency=btc; currency_hideZeroBalances=false; currency_currencyView=crypto; currency_bankingCurrencies=[]; casinoSearch=['Monopoly','Crazy Time','Sweet Bonanza','Money Train','Reactoonz']; sportsSearch=['Liverpool FC','Kansas City Chiefs','Los Angeles Lakers','FC Barcelona','FC Bayern Munich']; oddsFormat=decimal; sportMarketGroupMap={}; locale=ru; intercom-id-cx1ywgf2=86f79ef7-ca71-4205-8f41-b73b0b559b2e; intercom-session-cx1ywgf2=; cookie_consent=true; leftSidebarView_v2=minimized; sidebarView=hidden; cf_clearance=6420a111bb498d49b56800690b298b7bba53e91d-1667643880-0-150; __cf_bm=cj_pRlIaag.zmXOLQPWJ0GEip_W3NuRcjBa.OlOvIzU-1667643883-0-Ad3+LGxBsAD+n4k5G6mVTfRhfqAthNtU9O9VY4MicOoFQ82/DvoS6h44JXKfexV2niXlGcEBTEMB9VUOYiNbr/2tr1EidvV2unVIk7hyX8cYAcc0btV2eZv1yvPZEcGumjKYXvKuFJOx/vPpi53NXizPc8apm56HvNxb9SkKULIy",
    "dnt": "1",
    "origin": "https://stake.com",
    "referer": "https://stake.com/sports/home",
    "sec-ch-ua": "'Google Chrome';v='107', 'Chromium';v='107', 'Not=A?Brand';v='24'",
    "sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0",
    "sec-ch-ua-platform": "Windows",
    "sec-fetch-dest": "empty",
    "sec-fetch-mode": "cors",
    "sec-fetch-site": "same-origin",
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
    "x-forwarded-for": "88.99.58.45, 162.158.38.53, 172.20.242.28",
    "x-geoip-country": "DE",
    "x-geoip-state": "",
    "x-language": "ru"
}

# 移除硬编码的content-length，由requests自动计算
del headers["content-length"]

body = """
    query highrollerSportBets($limit: Int!) {
        highrollerSportBets(limit: $limit) {
            ...RealtimeSportBet
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment RealtimeSportBet on Bet {
        id
        iid
        bet {
            __typename
            ... on PlayerPropBet {
                ...PlayerPropBetFragment
                __typename
            }
            ... on SportBet {
                outcomes {
                    fixture {
                        data {
                            __typename
                            ... on SportFixtureDataMatch {
                                competitors {
                                    name
                                    abbreviation
                                    __typename
                                }
                                __typename
                            }
                        }
                        tournament {
                            category {
                                sport {
                                    slug
                                    __typename
                                }
                                __typename
                            }
                            __typename
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    __typename
                }
                createdAt
                potentialMultiplier
                amount
                currency
                user {
                    id
                    name
                    __typename
                }
                __typename
            }
        }
    }
    
    fragment PlayerPropBetFragment on PlayerPropBet {
        __typename
        active
        amount
        cashoutMultiplier
        createdAt
        currency
        customBet
        id
        odds
        payout
        payoutMultiplier
        updatedAt
        status
        user {
            id
            name
            __typename
        }
        playerProps {
            id
            odds
            lineType
            playerProp {
                ...PlayerPropLineFragment
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment PlayerPropLineFragment on PlayerPropLine {
        id
        line
        over
        under
        suspended
        balanced
        name
        player {
            id
            name
            __typename
        }
        market {
            id
            stat {
                name
                value
                __typename
            }
            game {
                id
                fixture {
                    id
                    name
                    status
                    eventStatus {
                        ...FixtureEventStatus
                        __typename
                    }
                    data {
                        ... on SportFixtureDataMatch {
                            __typename
                            startTime
                            competitors {
                                ...CompetitorFragment
                                __typename
                            }
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    tournament {
                        id
                        category {
                            id
                            sport {
                                id
                                name
                                slug
                                __typename
                            }
                            __typename
                        }
                        __typename
                    }
                    __typename
                }
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment FixtureEventStatus on SportFixtureEventStatus {
        homeScore
        awayScore
        matchStatus
        clock {
            matchTime
            remainingTime
            __typename
        }
        periodScores {
            homeScore
            awayScore
            matchStatus
            __typename
        }
        currentServer {
            extId
            __typename
        }
        homeGameScore
        awayGameScore
        statistic {
            yellowCards {
                away
                home
                __typename
            }
            redCards {
                away
                home
                __typename
            }
            corners {
                home
                away
                __typename
            }
            __typename
        }
    }
    
    fragment CompetitorFragment on SportFixtureCompetitor {
        name
        extId
        countryCode
        abbreviation
    }
"""
operationName = "highrollerSportBets"
variables = {"limit":10}

target_url = 'https://stake.com/_api/graphql'
sa_key = '280a2b7336344a8ea15106dd3220cc5a'
sa_api = 'https://api.scrapingant.com/v2/general'

# 构造ScrapingAnt标准请求体
sa_payload = {
    "url": target_url,
    "method": "POST",
    "headers": headers,
    "data": {
        "query": body.strip(),
        "operationName": operationName,
        "variables": variables
    },
    "x-api-key": sa_key
}

# 关闭VPN，使用ScrapingAnt自带代理
r = requests.post(url=sa_api, json=sa_payload)
print(r.text)

2. 其他关键调整

  • 移除硬编码的content-length，让requests库自动计算并设置该值。
  • 对GraphQL查询语句执行strip()处理，去除多余空白字符避免格式问题。
  • 建议关闭VPN，使用ScrapingAnt自带代理IP，避免IP冲突干扰Cloudflare验证。

适用工具与库

  • ScrapingAnt官方SDK：简化请求构造逻辑，减少格式错误概率。
  • Playwright/Puppeteer：模拟真实浏览器行为，应对复杂JavaScript渲染和Cloudflare人机验证场景。
  • Cloudscraper：专门针对Cloudflare的Python库，自动处理挑战页面，适合简单请求场景。
  • Scrapy + ScrapingAnt中间件：适合大规模爬取需求，高效处理请求转发与Cloudflare绕过。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Perrk

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最近更新时间：2026.08.12 23:50:35