Windows环境下读取指定目录触发FileNotFoundError错误求助

问题场景 #

本地文件夹路径为C:\Pet_Classification\data\train，使用以下Keras代码读取目录：

train_data_dir = 'C:/Pet_Classification/data/train'

train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
    train_data_dir,
    target_size=(img_width, img_height),
    batch_size=batch_size,
    class_mode='binary')

运行后抛出FileNotFoundError，错误栈如下：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileNotFoundError                         Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-42-536baa9a7d03> in <module>
      3     target_size=(img_width, img_height),
      4     batch_size=batch_size,
----> 5     class_mode='binary')

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/preprocessing/image.py in flow_from_directory(self, directory, target_size, color_mode, classes, class_mode, batch_size, shuffle, seed, save_to_dir, save_prefix, save_format, follow_links, subset, interpolation)
    990         follow_links=follow_links,
    991         subset=subset,
--> 992         interpolation=interpolation)
    993 
    994   def flow_from_dataframe(self,

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras/preprocessing/image.py in __init__(self, directory, image_data_generator, target_size, color_mode, classes, class_mode, batch_size, shuffle, seed, data_format, save_to_dir, save_prefix, save_format, follow_links, subset, interpolation, dtype)
    408         subset=subset,
    409         interpolation=interpolation,
--> 410         **kwargs)
    411 
    412 

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/directory_iterator.py in __init__(self, directory, image_data_generator, target_size, color_mode, classes, class_mode, batch_size, shuffle, seed, data_format, save_to_dir, save_prefix, save_format, follow_links, subset, interpolation, dtype)
    113         if not classes:
    114             classes = []
--> 115             for subdir in sorted(os.listdir(directory)):
    116                 if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(directory, subdir)):
    117                     classes.append(subdir)

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'C:/Pet_Classification/data/train'

排查与解决步骤 #

1. 验证路径真实性 #

• 打开文件资源管理器，直接粘贴C:\Pet_Classification\data\train回车，确认目录是否存在。若不存在，需创建对应目录或修正路径拼写（注意大小写、空格、特殊字符）。

2. 调整路径格式（避免转义问题） #

Windows系统中Python路径推荐两种写法，可任选：

• 原始字符串（最直观）：

  train_data_dir = r'C:\Pet_Classification\data\train'
  

• 双反斜杠：

  train_data_dir = 'C:\\Pet_Classification\\data\\train'
  

（你当前用的正斜杠写法本身合法，但若路径含转义字符会失效，优先推荐前两种）

3. 检查目录结构是否符合Keras要求 #

flow_from_directory要求目标目录下必须包含分类子目录，结构示例：

train/
    cat/
        img1.jpg
        img2.jpg
    dog/
        img3.jpg
        img4.jpg

若train目录下直接存放图片，无分类子目录，也会触发读取失败（本质是无法识别有效类别目录）。

4. 排查目录权限 #

右键C:\Pet_Classification\data\train→属性→安全，确认当前运行Python的用户拥有“读取和执行”权限，避免因权限不足导致无法访问目录。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Suman Chakraborty