在Minimal API中不使用控制器获取当前用户的方法

以下是几种在Minimal API端点中获取当前用户邮箱的实用方法：

1. 直接注入HttpContext参数 #

Minimal API支持将HttpContext直接作为端点方法的参数注入，用法和Controller中一致：

using System.Security.Claims;

public static async Task<Survey> AddSurveysAsync(ISurveyRepository repo, Survey survey, HttpContext httpContext) {
    var email = httpContext.User.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.Email);
    survey.UserEmail = email;
    return await repo.AddSurveysAsync(survey);
}

2. 注入ClaimsPrincipal参数 #

ClaimsPrincipal是HttpContext.User的实际类型，直接注入它可以简化代码，跳过访问HttpContext的步骤：

using System.Security.Claims;

public static async Task<Survey> AddSurveysAsync(ISurveyRepository repo, Survey survey, ClaimsPrincipal user) {
    var email = user.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.Email);
    survey.UserEmail = email;
    return await repo.AddSurveysAsync(survey);
}

3. 封装扩展方法复用逻辑 #

如果多个端点都需要获取用户邮箱，可以封装成扩展方法来减少重复代码：

using System.Security.Claims;

public static class ClaimsPrincipalExtensions {
    public static string GetUserEmail(this ClaimsPrincipal user) {
        var email = user.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.Email);
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(email)) {
            throw new UnauthorizedAccessException("无法获取用户邮箱");
        }
        return email;
    }
}

在端点方法中使用：

public static async Task<Survey> AddSurveysAsync(ISurveyRepository repo, Survey survey, ClaimsPrincipal user) {
    var email = user.GetUserEmail();
    survey.UserEmail = email;
    return await repo.AddSurveysAsync(survey);
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者pușigreen