Heroku-22栈升级后Django无法找到正确GDAL版本求助

云原生阿岚

2026-8-12

更新

将Django升级到3.2版本并未解决错误。 我收到了相同的错误提示，只是涉及的版本有所不同

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Could not find the GDAL library (tried "gdal", "GDAL", "gdal3.1.0", "gdal3.0.0", "gdal2.4.0", "gdal2.3.0", "gdal2.2.0", "gdal2.1.0", "gdal2.0.0"). Is GDAL installed? If it is, try setting GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.

我找到了一个讨论线程，其中似乎有类似问题，但未得到解决。我按照该线程的建议，在settings.py中添加了以下内容：

GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH = '/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/libgeos_c.so' if os.environ.get('ENV') == 'HEROKU' else os.getenv('GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH')
GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH = '/app/.heroku/vendor/lib/libgdal.so' if os.environ.get('ENV') == 'HEROKU' else os.getenv('GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH')

不过我仍然收到错误，是另一个不同的错误（或许离解决更近了？）

OSError: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

有趣的是，它似乎在寻找python3.7，但之前明明使用的是正确的python3.10。我检查过项目代码，没有任何地方指定了python3.7

from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION, lgdal
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 50, in <module>
lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/ctypes/__init__.py", line 374, in __init__
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)

原帖内容

我正尝试将我的Django Web应用从Heroku-18栈升级到Heroku-22栈。为了使用新栈，我必须将Python从3.7.2升级到3.10.8。

根据我在Stack Overflow及其他网络资源中了解到的信息，我已经按照Heroku上Django应用的正确方式安装了GDAL/GIS，即使用buildpack并将其排在buildpack列表的第一位：

remote: Building source:
remote: 
remote: -----&gt; Building on the Heroku-22 stack
remote: -----&gt; Using buildpacks:
remote:        1. https://github.com/heroku/heroku-geo-buildpack.git
remote:        2. heroku/python

我本以为升级不会有问题，但现在不知为何无法找到GDAL库。以下是已安装的版本：

remote: -----&gt; Geo Packages (GDAL/GEOS/PROJ) app detected
remote: -----&gt; Installing GDAL-2.4.0
remote: -----&gt; Installing GEOS-3.7.2
remote: -----&gt; Installing PROJ-5.2.0

以下是我遇到的错误。
请注意，它并未寻找已安装的gdal2.4.0，不过它在寻找gdal，我本以为这个安装包能覆盖该需求。

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Could not find the GDAL library (tried "gdal", "GDAL", "gdal2.2.0", "gdal2.1.0", "gdal2.0.0", "gdal1.11.0", "gdal1.10.0", "gdal1.9.0"). Is GDAL installed? If it is, try setting GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.

虽然某个问题的答案指出无需设置GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH变量，但我认为可以尝试设置该变量。不过我不确定GDAL的安装路径，因为如果不解决这个问题，构建就会失败。

如果有人知道解决方案，将非常感谢！！！

此前参考的资料：

Django with GDAL部署到Heroku时抛出错误
Heroku上缺失GDAL
Python的build_with_geo_libraries旧特性已不再受支持

完整错误追踪：

remote: -----&gt; Building on the Heroku-22 stack
remote: -----&gt; Using buildpacks:
remote:        1. https://github.com/heroku/heroku-geo-buildpack.git
remote:        2. heroku/python
remote: -----&gt; Geo Packages (GDAL/GEOS/PROJ) app detected
remote: -----&gt; Installing GDAL-2.4.0
remote: -----&gt; Installing GEOS-3.7.2
remote: -----&gt; Installing PROJ-5.2.0
remote: -----&gt; Python app detected
remote: -----&gt; Using Python version specified in runtime.txt
remote: -----&gt; Stack has changed from heroku-18 to heroku-22, clearing cache
remote: -----&gt; Installing python-3.10.8
remote: -----&gt; Installing pip 22.3.1, setuptools 63.4.3 and wheel 0.37.1
remote: -----&gt; Installing dependencies with Pipenv 2020.11.15
remote:        Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (9f21b7)...
remote: -----&gt; Installing SQLite3
remote: -----&gt; $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "/tmp/build_5b1145a7/manage.py", line 15, in <module>
remote:            execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
remote:            utility.execute()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 357, in execute
remote:            django.setup()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
remote:            apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 112, in populate
remote:            app_config.import_models()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models
remote:            self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
remote:            return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_impor
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
remote:          File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
remote:          File "/tmp/build_5b1145a7/*****/models.py", line 6, in <module
remote:            from *****.models import *****, *****
remote:          File "/tmp/build_5b1145a7/*****/models.py", line 4, in <module>
remote:            from .models_functions import (is_url, is_state, attempt_str2bool, is_choice, are_choices, choice_name, display_range)
remote:          File "/tmp/build_5b1145a7/*****/models_functions.py", line 7, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.geos import Point
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
remote:            from .collections import (  # NOQA
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py", line 9, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py", line 8, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis import gdal
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/datasource.py", line 39, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/driver.py", line 5, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi, raster as rcapi
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/ds.py", line 9, in <module>
remote:            from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION, lgdal
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py", line 40, in <module>
remote:            raise ImproperlyConfigured(
remote:        django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Could not find the GDAL library (tried "gdal", "GDAL", "gdal2.2.0", "gdal2.1.0", "gdal2.0.0", "gdal1.11.0", "gdal1.10.0", "gdal1.9.0"). Is GDAL installed? If it is, try setting GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.
remote: 
remote:  !     Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'
remote:        See traceback above for details.
remote: 
remote:        You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
remote:        Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:
remote: 
remote:           $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
remote: 
remote:        https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets
remote:  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
remote: 
remote:  !     Push failed

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sasha Ahrestani