Python部署遇wheel包未安装弃用错误，求版本指定方案

问题描述 #

部署Python 3.7.12版本代码时遇到一系列弃用错误，已尝试在部署流程中安装wheel包但问题未解决，询问是否需要指定wheel包的特定版本并寻求相关指导。

错误日志 #

2022-11-14T19:34:39.7229174Z ##[error]Bash wrote one or more lines to the standard error stream.
2022-11-14T19:34:39.7241399Z ##[error]  DEPRECATION: wrapt is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

2022-11-14T19:34:39.7244863Z ##[error]  DEPRECATION: keyless-fernet is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

2022-11-14T19:34:39.7247898Z ##[error]  DEPRECATION: tornado is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

2022-11-14T19:34:39.7251293Z ##[error]  DEPRECATION: pyrsistent is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

2022-11-14T19:34:39.7254435Z ##[error]  DEPRECATION: Flask-JWT-Extended is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

解决建议 #

• 验证wheel的安装状态与环境匹配
  部署流程中安装wheel后，可能因环境隔离（如虚拟环境未激活、pip路径不对应Python3.7）导致wheel未被当前pip调用。执行以下命令确认：

  pip --version  # 确认当前pip关联的是Python3.7
  pip list | grep wheel  # 查看wheel是否已安装及具体版本
  

• 指定兼容Python3.7的wheel版本
  Python3.7已停止维护，wheel从0.39.0版本起不再支持Python3.7，需安装兼容的旧版本。在安装项目依赖前执行：

  pip install wheel==0.38.4
  

• 启用PEP517安装模式
  按照错误提示，在安装依赖时添加--use-pep517参数，强制pip使用PEP517规范的安装流程，避免legacy的setup.py方式：

  pip install --use-pep517 -r requirements.txt
  

• 升级兼容的依赖包版本
  部分旧版本依赖包缺少pyproject.toml配置，可尝试升级到支持PEP517且兼容Python3.7的版本：

  • wrapt：升级至>=1.14.0版本
  • tornado：升级至>=6.2版本

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Partha