Python中这段面向对象编程代码运行失败，如何修复？

原代码 #

class Bike:
    def __init__(self, speed):
        self.speed = speed

    def speed(self):
        if (self.speed) > 120:
            print("You are driving fast.")
        else:
            print("You are diving safely.")


bike1 = Bike(32)
bike1.speed()

报错信息 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Syed\PycharmProjects\Muneer Python\Python Beginner Mosh\App.py", line 10, in
bike1.speed()
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable

错误原因 #

核心问题是实例属性与方法同名：

• 在__init__方法中，你给实例绑定了名为speed的整数属性（self.speed = speed）。
• 同时定义了同名的speed方法，实例创建后，属性会覆盖掉同名方法，导致调用bike1.speed()时，实际是在尝试调用一个整数，因此抛出TypeError。

修复方案 #

方案一：修改方法名 #

将speed方法重命名为不冲突的名称，比如check_speed：

class Bike:
    def __init__(self, speed):
        self.speed = speed

    def check_speed(self):
        if self.speed > 120:
            print("You are driving fast.")
        else:
            print("You are driving safely.")  # 修正原代码拼写错误：diving → driving


bike1 = Bike(32)
bike1.check_speed()

方案二：修改属性名 #

将实例属性名改为其他名称，比如_speed，保留方法名为speed：

class Bike:
    def __init__(self, speed):
        self._speed = speed  # 修改属性名避免冲突

    def speed(self):
        if self._speed > 120:
            print("You are driving fast.")
        else:
            print("You are driving safely.")  # 修正原代码拼写错误：diving → driving


bike1 = Bike(32)
bike1.speed()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SYED MUNEER