Rails中为Excel导入添加年份参数并实现对应数据删除

1. 修复控制器：获取年份并执行删除操作 #

你当前的create方法先调用删除逻辑，但此时还未初始化导入对象，无法获取年份参数。同时Rails 7要求必须使用强参数过滤请求字段，调整后的控制器代码如下：

class OvertimesImportsController < ApplicationController

  def new
    @overtimes_import = OvertimesImport.new
  end

  def create
    @overtimes_import = OvertimesImport.new(overtimes_import_params)
    # 验证年份存在后再删除对应旧数据
    delete_old_overtimes(@overtimes_import.year) if @overtimes_import.year.present?
    
    respond_to do |format|
      if @overtimes_import.save
        format.html { redirect_to root_path, notice: "Overtimes successfully imported." }
      else
        format.html { render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  private

  # 根据传入年份删除旧数据
  def delete_old_overtimes(year)
    Overtime.where(year: year).delete_all
  end

  # 强参数：允许file和year字段
  def overtimes_import_params
    params.require(:overtimes_import).permit(:file, :year)
  end

end

2. 给导入的加班记录赋值年份 #

在OvertimesImport模型的导入逻辑中，需要把用户提交的year赋值给每个生成的Overtime对象，确保年份存入数据库：

def load_imported_overtimes
  spreadsheet = open_spreadsheet
  header = spreadsheet.row(1)
  (2..spreadsheet.last_row).map do |i|
    row = Hash[[header, spreadsheet.row(i)].transpose]
    overtime = Overtime.new
    overtime.attributes = row.to_hash
    # 将导入对象的year属性赋值给加班记录
    overtime.year = self.year
    overtime
  end
end

3. 可选：添加年份合法性验证 #

为避免空年份或非法年份导入，可在OvertimesImport模型中添加验证规则：

class OvertimesImport
  include ActiveModel::Model
  require 'roo'

  attr_accessor :file, :year
  # 验证年份必填且为合法整数
  validates :year, presence: true, numericality: { only_integer: true, greater_than: 2000 }
  validates :file, presence: true

  # ... 其余原有代码保持不变 ...
end

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者balou7