无法在Android Studio运行Flutter应用，请求故障解决指导

问题场景 #

在Windows系统安装Flutter 3.3.8并配置环境变量，同时安装Android Studio Dolphin | 2021.3.1 Patch 1，完成Flutter插件、SDK、API 32/29模拟器及Java JDK/JRE v8的安装后，在模拟器运行默认Flutter应用时，终端出现以下错误：

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
A problem occurred configuring root project 'android'.
> Could not resolve all files for configuration ':classpath'.
   > Could not find com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.1.2.
     Searched in the following locations:
       - https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/7.1.2/gradle-7.1.2.pom
       - https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/7.1.2/gradle-7.1.2.pom
     Required by:
         project :

flutter doctor -v 执行结果 #

C:\Users\new>flutter doctor -v
[√] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.3.8, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.535], locale en-US)
    • Flutter version 3.3.8 on channel stable at E:\src\flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision 52b3dc25f6 (9 days ago), 2022-11-09 12:09:26 +0800
    • Engine revision 857bd6b74c
    • Dart version 2.18.4
    • DevTools version 2.15.0

[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
    • Android SDK at C:\Users\new\AppData\Local\Android\sdk
    • Platform android-33, build-tools 33.0.0
    • Java binary at: E:\Android\Android Studio\jre\bin\java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[√] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe

[X] Visual Studio - develop for Windows
    X Visual Studio not installed; this is necessary for Windows development.
      Download at https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/.
      Please install the "Desktop development with C++" workload, including all of its default components

[√] Android Studio (version 2021.3)
    • Android Studio at E:\Android\Android Studio
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)

[√] VS Code, 64-bit edition (version 1.71.2)
    • VS Code at C:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code
    • Flutter extension can be installed from:
       https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Dart-Code.flutter

[√] Connected device (3 available)
    • sdk gphone64 x86 64 (mobile) • emulator-5554 • android-x64    • Android 12 (API 32) (emulator)
    • Windows (desktop)            • windows       • windows-x64    • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.535]
    • Chrome (web)                 • chrome        • web-javascript • Google Chrome 107.0.5304.107

[√] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

解决步骤 #

1. 修正项目根目录build.gradle配置 #

打开Flutter项目下的android/build.gradle文件，确保buildscript的仓库配置包含Google和Maven Central仓库，若网络受限可添加国内镜像：

buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.6.10'
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        // 网络不佳时可添加国内镜像
        // maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        // maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.1.2'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

2. 匹配Gradle插件与Android Studio版本 #

Android Studio Dolphin（2021.3.1）推荐搭配Gradle插件7.2.0及以上版本，可修改插件版本并同步对应Gradle发行版：

• 调整build.gradle中的插件版本：

  classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0'
  

• 修改android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties中的Gradle版本为7.3.3：

  distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.3.3-all.zip
  

3. 清理缓存并同步项目 #

• 执行命令清理项目缓存：

  flutter clean
  flutter pub get
  

• 在Android Studio中点击File > Sync Project with Gradle Files，完成后重启IDE并重新运行项目。

4. 检查网络连通性 #

确保网络可正常访问Google Maven仓库和Maven Central，若存在网络限制，可在Gradle配置中添加代理镜像。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者chabok web