基于Node.js代用户上传YouTube Shorts离线视频的技术问询

我需要代用户上传YouTube Shorts短视频，认证流程已在Web应用中完成，token和refresh token存储在数据库里，后续通过脚本从数据库获取凭证完成视频上传。但Node.js googleapis库官方文档不够全面，附上现有代码寻求技术指导：

let tokens = {
    access_token: data.youtube_token,
    refresh_token: data.youtube_refresh_token
}

const oauth2Client = new OAuth2(
    'my-credentials',
    'my-credentials',
    'https://myapp.com/api/google/oauth2callback'   
);

oauth2Client.credentials = data.youtube_token 

const service = google.youtube('v3')

let title = 'Testing #Shorts'       
let description = 'Testing description #Shorts'     
let tags = '#short'     

let videoFilePath = 'link-to-video'     
const downloadStream = got.stream(videoFilePath);

service.videos.insert({
    auth: oauth2Client.credentials,
    part: 'snippet,status',
    requestBody: {
        snippet: {
            title,
            description,
            defaultLanguage: 'en',
            defaultAudioLanguage: 'en'
        },
        status: {
            privacyStatus: "private"
        },
    },
    media: {
        body: downloadStream,
    },
}, function(err, response) {
    if (err) {
        console.log('The API returned an error: ' + err);
        return;
    }
    console.log(response.data)

    console.log('Video uploaded. Uploading the thumbnail now.')
                /*
    service.thumbnails.set({
        auth: auth,
        videoId: response.data.id,
        media: {
            body: fs.createReadStream(thumbFilePath)
        },
    }, function(err, response) {
        if (err) {
            console.log('The API returned an error: ' + err);
            return;
        }
        console.log(response.data)
    })
    */
});

代码问题与修复方案 #

• OAuth2凭证赋值错误：原代码中oauth2Client.credentials = data.youtube_token仅传入单个access_token，正确做法是传入包含access_token和refresh_token的完整tokens对象，这样客户端才能自动刷新过期的access_token：

  oauth2Client.credentials = tokens;
  

• 认证参数传递错误：service.videos.insert的auth字段应传入完整的oauth2Client实例，而非oauth2Client.credentials。googleapis库需要通过客户端实例处理token刷新等逻辑：

  auth: oauth2Client,
  

• Shorts标识配置缺失：要让视频被识别为YouTube Shorts，需满足两个核心条件：视频本身为9:16竖屏比例；同时在代码中完善snippet配置：

  1. 将tags改为数组格式（API要求tags为字符串数组）
  2. 添加对应分类ID（Shorts常用分类为娱乐类22）
     修改后的snippet部分：

  snippet: {
      title,
      description,
      tags: ['#Shorts', '#short'],
      categoryId: '22',
      defaultLanguage: 'en',
      defaultAudioLanguage: 'en'
  },
  

• 缩略图上传的认证问题：注释中的缩略图上传代码里auth: auth未定义，应替换为oauth2Client，同时确保thumbFilePath指向正确的本地文件路径：

  service.thumbnails.set({
      auth: oauth2Client,
      videoId: response.data.id,
      media: {
          body: fs.createReadStream(thumbFilePath)
      },
  }, function(err, response) {
      if (err) {
          console.log('The API returned an error: ' + err);
          return;
      }
      console.log('Thumbnail uploaded:', response.data)
  })
  

修复后的完整代码 #

const { google } = require('googleapis');
const { OAuth2 } = google.auth;
const got = require('got');
const fs = require('fs');

// 从数据库获取凭证
const data = { /* 数据库返回的包含youtube_token和youtube_refresh_token的对象 */ };
let tokens = {
    access_token: data.youtube_token,
    refresh_token: data.youtube_refresh_token
};

const oauth2Client = new OAuth2(
    '你的客户端ID',
    '你的客户端密钥',
    'https://myapp.com/api/google/oauth2callback'   
);

// 正确赋值完整凭证
oauth2Client.credentials = tokens;

const service = google.youtube('v3');

let title = 'Testing #Shorts';       
let description = 'Testing description #Shorts';     
let tags = ['#Shorts', '#short'];     

let videoFilePath = 'link-to-video';     
const downloadStream = got.stream(videoFilePath);
const thumbFilePath = 'path-to-thumbnail-image'; // 缩略图路径

service.videos.insert({
    auth: oauth2Client,
    part: 'snippet,status',
    requestBody: {
        snippet: {
            title,
            description,
            tags,
            categoryId: '22',
            defaultLanguage: 'en',
            defaultAudioLanguage: 'en'
        },
        status: {
            privacyStatus: "private"
        },
    },
    media: {
        body: downloadStream,
    },
}, function(err, response) {
    if (err) {
        console.log('视频上传API错误: ' + err);
        return;
    }
    console.log('视频上传成功:', response.data);

    console.log('开始上传缩略图...');
    service.thumbnails.set({
        auth: oauth2Client,
        videoId: response.data.id,
        media: {
            body: fs.createReadStream(thumbFilePath)
        },
    }, function(err, thumbResponse) {
        if (err) {
            console.log('缩略图上传API错误: ' + err);
            return;
        }
        console.log('缩略图上传成功:', thumbResponse.data);
    });
});

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Peter Utekal