Azure DevOps发布流水线回归测试失败求助：ChromeDriver版本不兼容

问题核心 #

你的回归测试任务失败是因为ChromeDriver版本与代理服务器上的Chrome浏览器版本不兼容，错误提示明确指出当前ChromeDriver仅支持Chrome 86，但代理上的Chrome版本已偏离该版本（更高或更低）。

解决方案 #

1. 先确认代理上的Chrome版本 #

在Azure DevOps流水线中插入一个PowerShell任务，执行以下命令获取当前Chrome版本：

# Windows代理
chrome --version

# Linux代理
google-chrome --version

2. 方案一：自动匹配ChromeDriver版本（推荐） #

如果是Java/Maven项目，使用webdrivermanager工具自动管理ChromeDriver版本，彻底避免版本不匹配问题：

• 在pom.xml中添加依赖：

  <dependency>
      <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
      <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
      <version>5.6.0</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  

• 在测试代码中初始化ChromeDriver时调用工具：

  WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
  WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
  

该工具会自动检测代理上的Chrome版本，下载对应版本的ChromeDriver并配置到环境中。

3. 方案二：手动适配ChromeDriver版本 #

如果不想用自动管理工具，可在流水线中添加任务手动下载对应版本的ChromeDriver：

• 以Windows代理为例，添加PowerShell任务执行：

  # 替换下方的[CHROME_VERSION]为查到的Chrome主版本（如86、118）
  $driverVersion = "[CHROME_VERSION]"
  # 需替换xxxx.xx为对应Chrome版本的具体Driver版本号
  Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/$driverVersion.0.xxxx.xx/chromedriver_win32.zip" -OutFile "chromedriver.zip"
  Expand-Archive -Path "chromedriver.zip" -DestinationPath "$(Agent.ToolsDirectory)/chromedriver"
  # 将ChromeDriver路径加入环境变量
  $env:PATH += ";$(Agent.ToolsDirectory)/chromedriver"
  

4. 长期维护建议 #

• 如果使用自托管代理，关闭Chrome的自动更新功能，避免版本突发变更；
• 定期检查Chrome和ChromeDriver版本，保持两者主版本号一致。

完整错误日志 #

2022-11-17T07:32:37.8052533Z Tests in error: 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8053113Z   getData(Academy.BrowserTest): session not created: This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 86(..)
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8054011Z 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8054528Z Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8054792Z 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8123963Z [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8124674Z [INFO] BUILD FAILURE
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8125946Z [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8148852Z [INFO] Total time:  01:11 min
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8150695Z [INFO] Finished at: 2022-11-17T07:32:37Z
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8151259Z [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8166640Z [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project devops: There are test failures.
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8169627Z [ERROR] 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8170486Z [ERROR] Please refer to D:\a\r1\a\_GBSAutomationTestRepo.git\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8171162Z [ERROR] -> [Help 1]
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8171546Z [ERROR] 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8172050Z [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8172644Z [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8172947Z [ERROR] 
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8173332Z [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8174196Z [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8760477Z The process 'C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\lib\maven\apache-maven-3.8.6\bin\mvn.cmd' failed with exit code 1
2022-11-17T07:32:37.8761396Z Could not retrieve code analysis results - Maven run failed.
2022-11-17T07:32:39.7735190Z Result Attachments will be stored in LogStore
2022-11-17T07:32:39.8293757Z Run Attachments will be stored in LogStore
2022-11-17T07:32:39.9011567Z ##[error]Build failed.
2022-11-17T07:32:39.9091599Z ##[section]Async Command Start: Publish test results
2022-11-17T07:32:40.2939741Z Publishing test results to test run '18'.
2022-11-17T07:32:40.2969758Z TestResults To Publish 2, Test run id:18
2022-11-17T07:32:40.3013991Z Test results publishing 2, remaining: 0. Test run id: 18
2022-11-17T07:32:41.6218305Z Published Test Run : https://dev.azure.com/gbsr2rindiarepos/AZGBSDemoProject01/_TestManagement/Runs?runId=18&_a=runCharts
2022-11-17T07:32:42.0349797Z Flaky failed test results are opted out of pass percentage
2022-11-17T07:32:42.0701567Z ##[section]Async Command End: Publish test results
2022-11-17T07:32:42.0703521Z ##[section]Finishing: Maven D:\a\r1\a/_GBSAutomationTestRepo.git/pom.xml

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者budhaditya baneerjee