构建Docker容器遇PostgreSQL源报错：无Release文件，求Dockerfile修改方案

问题背景 #

构建Docker容器时触发APT源错误，原因是Debian Stretch版本已终止支持，对应的PostgreSQL官方源（stretch-pgdg）已被移除，导致apt-get update失败。

错误日志 #

W: The repository 'http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt stretch-pgdg Release' does not have a Release file.
E: Failed to fetch http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/dists/stretch-pgdg/11/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found [IP: 147.75.85.69 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
ERROR: Service 'db' failed to build: The command '/bin/sh -c apt-get update &&     apt-get install dos2unix &&     apt-get clean' returned a non-zero code: 100

涉及的Dockerfile片段 #

FROM debian:jessie
MAINTAINER Open Knowledge

# Install required system packages
RUN apt-get -q -y update \
    && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -q -y upgrade \
    && apt-get -q -y install \
          curl \
        python-dev \
        python-pip \
        python-virtualenv \
        python-wheel \
        libpq-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        libgeos-dev \
        libssl-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        libgeos-dev \
        libssl-dev \
        libffi-dev \
        postgresql-client \
        build-essential \
        git-core \
        vim \
        wget \
    && apt-get -q clean \
    && apt-get install -y dos2unix

修改方案 #

1. 替换为Debian归档源 #

Debian Jessie已停止官方支持，需将系统源切换至归档服务器，同时移除失效的PostgreSQL官方源：

在apt-get update前添加源替换命令，修改后的RUN指令如下：

RUN echo "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ jessie main contrib non-free" > /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && echo "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-security jessie/updates main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list 2>/dev/null \
    && apt-get -q -y update \
    && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -q -y upgrade \
    && apt-get -q -y install \
          curl \
        python-dev \
        python-pip \
        python-virtualenv \
        python-wheel \
        libpq-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        libgeos-dev \
        libssl-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        libgeos-dev \
        libssl-dev \
        libffi-dev \
        postgresql-client \
        build-essential \
        git-core \
        vim \
        wget \
    && apt-get -q clean \
    && apt-get install -y dos2unix

2. 优化镜像构建（可选） #

将单独的dos2unix安装命令合并到前面的安装列表中，减少镜像层并避免重复操作：

FROM debian:jessie
MAINTAINER Open Knowledge

# Install required system packages
RUN echo "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ jessie main contrib non-free" > /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && echo "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-security jessie/updates main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
    && rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list 2>/dev/null \
    && apt-get -q -y update \
    && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -q -y upgrade \
    && apt-get -q -y install \
          curl \
        python-dev \
        python-pip \
        python-virtualenv \
        python-wheel \
        libpq-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        libgeos-dev \
        libssl-dev \
        libffi-dev \
        postgresql-client \
        build-essential \
        git-core \
        vim \
        wget \
        dos2unix \
    && apt-get -q clean

说明 #

• 切换到归档源后，系统会从Debian官方归档服务器拉取Jessie版本的软件包，包括适配的postgresql-client版本，无需依赖已失效的PostgreSQL官方源。
• 移除pgdg.list文件是为了彻底清除可能自动添加的PostgreSQL第三方源配置，避免再次触发错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者bubamara