.NET 4.6.1下Windows Service集成Hangfire任务不执行问题排查

场景描述 #

将现有控制台应用转换为Windows Service，目标是通过Hangfire按调度执行原有任务。已完成集成Hangfire的Windows Service开发，服务可正常构建并启动，但任务始终未执行，日志报依赖实例化相关错误。

核心代码 #

服务构造函数 #

public BatchService(ILogger<BatchService> logger)
{
    InitializeComponent();
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration
                       .SetDataCompatibilityLevel(CompatibilityLevel.Version_170)
                       .UseColouredConsoleLogProvider()
                       .UseSimpleAssemblyNameTypeSerializer()
                       .UseRecommendedSerializerSettings()
                       .UseSqlServerStorage(Constants.ConnectionString.Peach, 
                                            new SqlServerStorageOptions
                                            {
                                                CommandBatchMaxTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5),
                                                SlidingInvisibilityTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5),
                                                QueuePollInterval = TimeSpan.Zero,
                                                UseRecommendedIsolationLevel = true
                                            })
                       .UseNLogLogProvider();

    _logger = logger;
}

Hangfire配置加载与启停方法 #

private void LoadConfigurationIntoHangfire()
{
    // 加载任务配置
    var jobListing = Configuration.GetJobConfiguration().Where(job => job.JobType.Equals("CRON")).ToList();

    // 调试日志
    _logger.LogDebug($"LoadConfigurationIntoHangfire() - jobListing = {JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jobListing)}");

    foreach (var job in jobListing)
    {
        // 信息日志
        _logger.LogInformation($"添加/更新任务 '{job.JobName}'，Cron表达式为 '{job.CronExpression}'。");

        RecurringJob.AddOrUpdate<IDataProtectionJob>(x => x.ExecuteJob(job), job.CronExpression);
    }
}

private void StopHangfire()
{
    // 信息日志
    _logger.LogInformation("正在停止Hangfire。");
    
    _hangfireServer.SendStop();
    _hangfireServer.WaitForShutdown(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5));
    _hangfireServer.Dispose();

    // 信息日志
    _logger.LogInformation("Hangfire已停止。");
}

private void StartHangfire()
{
    // 信息日志
    _logger.LogInformation("正在启动Hangfire。");

    _hangfireServer = new BackgroundJobServer();
    LoadConfigurationIntoHangfire();

    // 信息日志
    _logger.LogInformation("Hangfire已启动。");
}

服务OnStart事件 #

protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
{
    try
    {
        // 更新服务状态为启动中
        ServiceStatus serviceStatus = new ServiceStatus
        {
            dwCurrentState = ServiceState.SERVICE_START_PENDING,
            dwWaitHint = 100000
        };
        SetServiceStatus(this.ServiceHandle, ref serviceStatus);

        // 信息日志
        _logger.LogInformation("正在启动Windows Service 'BatchService'");

        SetPolling();
        StartHangfire();

        _logger.LogInformation("Windows Service 'BatchService'已启动");

        // 更新服务状态为运行中
        serviceStatus.dwCurrentState = ServiceState.SERVICE_RUNNING;
        SetServiceStatus(this.ServiceHandle, ref serviceStatus);
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        _logger.LogError($"Windows Service 'BatchService'启动失败 ({e})");

        throw;
    }
}

错误日志 #

2022-11-23 19:05:53.0881|DEBUG|Hangfire.Server.DelayedJobScheduler|已处理2个调度任务。
2022-11-23 19:05:53.1353|WARN|Hangfire.AutomaticRetryAttribute|处理任务'17'失败：发生异常。第5次重试（共10次）将在00:05:36后执行。|System.MissingMethodException: 未为此对象定义无参数构造函数。
在 System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(RuntimeType type, Boolean publicOnly, Boolean noCheck, Boolean& canBeCached, RuntimeMethodHandleInternal& ctor, Boolean& bNeedSecurityCheck)
在 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceSlow(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipCheckThis, Boolean fillCache, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
在 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceDefaultCtor(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipCheckThis, Boolean fillCache, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
在 System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, Boolean nonPublic)
在 System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type)
在 Hangfire.JobActivator.ActivateJob(Type jobType)
在 Hangfire.JobActivator.SimpleJobActivatorScope.Resolve(Type type)
在 Hangfire.Server.CoreBackgroundJobPerformer.Perform(PerformContext context)
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.<>c__DisplayClass9_0.b__0()
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.InvokePerformFilter(IServerFilter filter, PerformingContext preContext, Func1 continuation) 在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.<>c__DisplayClass9_1.<PerformJobWithFilters>b__2() 在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.PerformJobWithFilters(PerformContext context, IEnumerable1 filters)
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.Perform(PerformContext context)
在 Hangfire.Server.Worker.PerformJob(BackgroundProcessContext context, IStorageConnection connection, String jobId)
2022-11-23 19:05:53.1383|WARN|Hangfire.AutomaticRetryAttribute|处理任务'20'失败：发生异常。第2次重试（共10次）将在00:01:04后执行。|System.MissingMethodException: 无法创建接口的实例。
在 System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(RuntimeType type, Boolean publicOnly, Boolean noCheck, Boolean& canBeCached, RuntimeMethodHandleInternal& ctor, Boolean& bNeedSecurityCheck)
在 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceSlow(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipCheckThis, Boolean fillCache, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
在 System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceDefaultCtor(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipCheckThis, Boolean fillCache, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
在 System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, Boolean nonPublic)
在 System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type)
在 Hangfire.JobActivator.ActivateJob(Type jobType)
在 Hangfire.JobActivator.SimpleJobActivatorScope.Resolve(Type type)
在 Hangfire.Server.CoreBackgroundJobPerformer.Perform(PerformContext context)
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.<>c__DisplayClass9_0.b__0()
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.InvokePerformFilter(IServerFilter filter, PerformingContext preContext, Func1 continuation) 在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.<>c__DisplayClass9_1.<PerformJobWithFilters>b__2() 在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.PerformJobWithFilters(PerformContext context, IEnumerable1 filters)
在 Hangfire.Server.BackgroundJobPerformer.Perform(PerformContext context)
在 Hangfire.Server.Worker.PerformJob(BackgroundProcessContext context, IStorageConnection connection, String jobId)

问题 #

已通过搜索了解到该错误与Hangfire解析任务方法依赖的方式有关，但调整后仍未解决，请问接下来可以尝试哪些方案？

环境信息：OS：Windows Server 2016；.NET版本：4.6.1

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Fysicus