关于tasklist中按类分组窗口及堆叠显示功能的技术咨询

Hey there! I totally get where you’re coming from—an icon-only tasklist is great for a clean overview, but it gets messy fast when you’ve got a ton of windows open. Let’s break down how to group windows by class (like all Firefox or terminal windows) or set up stacking so each app only shows one icon with a pop-up menu for its windows.

The approach depends a bit on your desktop environment (DE) or window manager (WM), so I’ll cover the most common setups:

GNOME (Using Extensions) #

GNOME’s default taskbar is pretty basic, but extensions fix that:

• Dash to Panel: This is the go-to extension for turning GNOME’s top bar into a traditional taskbar. Once installed, open its settings, find the Window grouping section, and select "Group windows by application". This will stack all windows of the same class into one icon—click it to see a list of all open windows for that app, or hover to preview them.
• Taskbar Groups: If you want more control (like custom grouping rules beyond just class), this extension lets you manually organize windows or set rules based on window class, title, etc.

KDE Plasma #

KDE has built-in support for this, no extensions needed:

• Right-click your taskbar → select Edit Mode. Find your icon-only tasklet, right-click it, and choose Configure.
• In the settings, look for Window grouping and pick either "Group by application" or "Group by window class" (which directly targets the WM_CLASS value of your windows).
• You can tweak further: set it to expand the window list on click, cycle through windows with the scroll wheel, or even show a preview when hovering over the stacked icon.

Xfce #

Xfce’s panel also has native grouping options:

• Right-click your taskbar → go to Panel → Panel Preferences. Find the Window Buttons plugin in the list, click Configure.
• Under the General tab, check the box for Group windows, then select "By application class" from the dropdown.
• Optional: Adjust settings like whether clicking the group expands all windows, or if middle-clicking closes all windows in the group.

i3/Sway (Tiling Window Managers) #

If you’re using a tiling WM, you’ll need to use scripts or third-party tools:

• i3bar + Rofi/Dmenu: Write a simple bash script that uses wmctrl to collect all windows of a specific class (like your terminal), then bind that script to a key or icon. When triggered, Rofi will pop up a menu letting you select which terminal window to switch to.
• Polybar: Use the window module and set group-by = class in its config. This stacks windows of the same class into one icon; clicking it will show a list of all open windows for that app.

Universal Tools (Works with Any WM/DE) #

If none of the above fit your setup, these command-line tools let you build custom grouping/stacking logic:

• wmctrl: This tool lets you query and control windows via the command line. You can write a script to collect all windows of a specific class, then bind that script to an icon—clicking it cycles through the windows or shows a menu.
• xdotool: Similar to wmctrl, it lets you manipulate windows programmatically. Pair it with a menu tool like yad or rofi to create a pop-up list of grouped windows.

Quick Example Bash Script (Terminal Window Switcher) #

Here’s a simple script that cycles through all your terminal windows (replace gnome-terminal with your terminal’s WM_CLASS):

#!/bin/bash
TERMINAL_CLASS="gnome-terminal"
# Get all terminal window IDs
WINDOWS=$(wmctrl -lx | grep "$TERMINAL_CLASS" | awk '{print $1}')

if [ -z "$WINDOWS" ]; then
    # No terminals open—launch one
    gnome-terminal
else
    # Get the currently focused terminal window
    CURRENT=$(wmctrl -lx | grep "$TERMINAL_CLASS" | grep "*" | awk '{print $1}')
    if [ -z "$CURRENT" ]; then
        # Focus the first terminal window
        wmctrl -a "$TERMINAL_CLASS"
    else
        # Get the next terminal window in the list
        NEXT=$(echo "$WINDOWS" | grep -v "$CURRENT" | head -n1)
        if [ -z "$NEXT" ]; then
            # If no next window, focus the current one
            wmctrl -a "$CURRENT"
        else
            # Switch to the next terminal window
            wmctrl -a "$NEXT"
        fi
    fi
fi

Save this as terminal-switcher.sh, make it executable with chmod +x terminal-switcher.sh, then bind it to your taskbar’s terminal icon. Clicking the icon will now cycle through all open terminal windows!

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者julsVFX