运行Django项目时遭遇XMLParser.__init__参数错误，求解决方案

环境信息 #

• Python版本：3.10.8
• Django版本：2.1
• openpyxl版本：2.6.2

触发场景 #

执行命令：

python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000

核心报错 #

TypeError: XMLParser.__init__() takes 1 positional argument but 4 were given

完整报错堆栈 #

Exception ignored in thread started by: <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x118793400>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 225, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 248, in raise_last_exception
    raise _exception[1]
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 337, in execute
    autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 225, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 89, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 90, in create
    module = import_module(entry)
  File "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/python@3.10/3.10.8/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tablib/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from tablib.core import (
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tablib/core.py", line 15, in <module>
    from tablib import formats
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tablib/formats/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from . import _xlsx as xlsx
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/tablib/formats/_xlsx.py", line 14, in <module>
    import openpyxl
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/workbook/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .workbook import Workbook
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/workbook/workbook.py", line 8, in <module>
    from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/worksheet/worksheet.py", line 30, in <module>
    from openpyxl.cell import Cell, MergedCell
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/cell/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from .cell import Cell, WriteOnlyCell, MergedCell
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/cell/cell.py", line 52, in <module>
    from openpyxl.styles.styleable import StyleableObject
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/styles/styleable.py", line 11, in <module>
    from .builtins import styles
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/openpyxl/styles/builtins.py", line 1347, in <module>
    ('Normal', NamedStyle.from_tree(fromstring(normal))),
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/defusedxml/common.py", line 113, in fromstring
    parser = DefusedXMLParser(target=_TreeBuilder(),
  File "/Users/chandanvarma/Desktop/project/retailer-backend/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/defusedxml/ElementTree.py", line 68, in __init__
    _XMLParser.__init__(self, html, target, encoding)
TypeError: XMLParser.__init__() takes 1 positional argument but 4 were given

解决建议 #

• 修复Python与Django版本冲突：Django 2.1官方仅支持Python 3.4-3.7，和Python 3.10不兼容。可选择升级Django到兼容3.10的版本（推荐Django 3.2长期支持版），或降级Python至3.7版本。
• 调整openpyxl与defusedxml版本：openpyxl 2.6.2依赖的defusedxml版本适配性不足，尝试升级openpyxl到3.0+版本，或指定defusedxml为兼容版本：pip install defusedxml==0.7.1
• 检查tablib兼容性：报错由tablib导入openpyxl触发，确认当前tablib版本是否与Python、openpyxl版本匹配，必要时调整tablib版本。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jademaddy