Python学生名册脚本纠错求助：数组定义及5处错误排查

以下是代码中的5处错误及对应修复方案：

• 错误1：array类型使用不当
  原代码第3行students=array()，array模块的array要求指定类型码，且仅能存储同类型基本数据，无法存储字典。应改为普通列表：

  students = []
  

  同时可移除无用的from array import array语句。

• 错误2：函数参数拼写错误
  getFloat函数定义时参数名为promp（少字母t），但函数内部调用getString(prompt, field)时用的是prompt，导致参数未定义。修正函数定义：

  def getFloat(prompt, field):
  

• 错误3：布尔值大小写错误
  Main函数中keepGoing=true，Python布尔值首字母必须大写，小写true会被视为未定义变量。修正为：

  keepGoing = True
  

• 错误4：主函数调用大小写不匹配
  定义的主函数是Main()（首字母大写），但最后调用时写的是main()（小写），导致找不到函数。修正调用语句：

  Main()
  

• 错误5：入口判断语句错误
  原代码if __name__=="__BC02.py__"不符合Python标准入口格式，应改为：

  if __name__ == "__main__":
  

修复后的完整代码 #

students = []

def getString(prompt, field):
    valid = False
    while valid == False:
        myString = input(prompt)
        if len(myString) > 0:
            valid = True
        else:
            print("The student's " + field + " cannot be empty. Please try again.")
    return myString

def getFloat(prompt, field):
    while True:
        try:
            fNum = float(getString(prompt, field))
            break
        except ValueError:
            print("That is not a valid number for " + field + ", please try again")
    return fNum

def addStudent():
    first = getString("Enter the student's first name: ", "first name")
    last = getString("Enter the student's last name: ", "last name")
    major = getString("Enter the student's major: ", "major")
    gpa = getFloat("Enter the student's GPA: ", "GPA")
    students.append({"first":first,"last":last,"major":major,"gpa":gpa})

def displayStudents():
    print("\nCollege Roster:")
    print("*************************************************************************")
    if len(students) == 0:
        print("There are no students to display.")
    else:
        print("First Name".ljust(20," ") + "Last Name".ljust(30," ") + "Major".ljust(15," ") + "GPA".ljust(6," "))
        for i in range(len(students)):
            print(students[i]['first'].ljust(20, " "), end="")
            print(students[i]['last'].ljust(30, " "), end="")
            print(students[i]['major'].ljust(15, " "), end="")
            print(str(students[i]['gpa']).ljust(6, " "))
    print("*************************************************************************")

def Main():
    keepGoing = True
    menu="""
*************************************************************************
College Roster System
*************************************************************************
Main Menu:
a) Enter a new Student
b) View all Students
c) Clear Students List
d) Exit
*************************************************************************
Choose an option: """
    while keepGoing:
        choice = input(menu)
        if choice != "":
            if choice.lower() == "a":
                addStudent()
            elif choice.lower() == "b":
                displayStudents()
            elif choice.lower() == "c":
                students.clear()
                print("\nThe list of students is cleared.")
            elif choice.lower() == "d":
                keepGoing = False
            else:
                print("\nThat is not a valid selection. Please try again.\n")
        else:
            print("\nYour selection cannot be empty. Please try again.\n")
    print("\nOkay, goodbye!!!")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Main()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Matthew Burdick