在FHIR项目中执行mvn jetty:run命令失败求助

我是FHIR Server新手，代码来自hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter仓库，在Ubuntu 20.04(LTS)上安装时执行mvn jetty:run出现编译失败。

环境信息 #

Maven版本信息：

Apache Maven 3.6.3
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 17.0.5, vendor: Private Build, runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
Default locale: en, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "5.15.0-50-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

错误日志 #

执行mvn jetty:run时的错误输出：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING] The project ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter:war:6.2.1 uses prerequisites which is only intended for maven-plugin projects but not for non maven-plugin projects. For such purposes you should use the maven-enforcer-plugin. See https://maven.apache.org/enforcer/enforcer-rules/requireMavenVersion.html
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------< ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter >------------
[INFO] Building HAPI FHIR JPA Server - Starter Project 6.2.1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> jetty-maven-plugin:9.4.48.v20220622:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-enforcer-plugin:3.0.0:enforce (enforce-maven) @ hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- jacoco-maven-plugin:0.8.8:prepare-agent (default-prepare-agent) @
 hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter ---
[INFO] argLine set to -javaagent:/root/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/org.jacoco.agent/0.8.8/org.jacoco.agent-0.8.8-runtime.jar=destfile=/root/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter/target/jacoco.exec,excludes=ca/uhn/fhir/model/dstu2/**/*.class:ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/rp/r5/*.class:ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/rp/r4/*.class:ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/rp/r4b/*.class:ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/rp/dstu3/*.class:ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/rp/dstu2/*.class,dumponexit=true
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 3 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 31 source files to /root/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter/target/classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  12.158 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-11-21T15:39:38Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) on project hapi-fhir-jpaserver-starter: Compilation failure -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

目前日志仅提示编译失败，未给出具体错误点，按以下步骤逐步排查：

1. 获取详细编译错误
   执行命令mvn jetty:run -e，输出完整堆栈跟踪，能直接看到哪个类、哪行代码编译出错，这是定位问题的核心。

2. 修正Java版本编译配置
   HAPI FHIR 6.2.1支持Java 11+，但maven-compiler-plugin 3.8.1默认编译规则可能与Java 17不兼容。在项目pom.xml的<build>下的<plugins>中，添加或修改编译器配置：

   <plugin>
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
       <version>3.8.1</version>
       <configuration>
           <source>11</source>
           <target>11</target>
           <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
       </configuration>
   </plugin>
   

   若坚持使用Java 17，建议将maven-compiler-plugin升级至3.10.1及以上版本。

3. 清理缓存后重新编译
   执行mvn clean jetty:run，清除之前的编译缓存，避免旧文件干扰新编译过程。

4. 检查依赖完整性
   执行mvn dependency:resolve，确认所有依赖已正确下载。若存在依赖缺失或损坏，删除本地仓库对应目录（如/root/.m2/repository/ca/uhn/fhir）后重新执行命令。

5. 处理prerequisites警告
   虽然该警告不是编译失败的直接原因，但可优化配置避免后续潜在问题：移除pom.xml中的<prerequisites>标签，替换为maven-enforcer-plugin规则：

   <plugin>
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
       <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
       <version>3.0.0</version>
       <executions>
           <execution>
               <id>enforce-maven</id>
               <goals>
                   <goal>enforce</goal>
               </goals>
               <configuration>
                   <rules>
                       <requireMavenVersion>
                           <version>3.6.0</version>
                       </requireMavenVersion>
                   </rules>
               </configuration>
           </execution>
       </executions>
   </plugin>
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dejavu79