编写Bash脚本替换.tex文件中#标记为对应pycode块编号

你可以用Python写一个简单的脚本实现需求，核心逻辑就是逐行扫描文件，跟踪当前pycode块的编号，把对应范围内的#替换成编号。以下是完整实现：

import re

def process_tex_file(input_path, output_path):
    current_block_num = 0
    with open(input_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as infile, open(output_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as outfile:
        for line in infile:
            # 检测到新的pycode块，递增编号
            if r'\begin{pycode}' in line:
                current_block_num += 1
            # 替换当前行所有的#为当前块编号
            if current_block_num > 0:
                modified_line = re.sub(r'#', str(current_block_num), line)
            else:
                modified_line = line
            outfile.write(modified_line)

# 调用函数处理a.tex，输出到output.tex
process_tex_file('a.tex', 'output.tex')

关键逻辑说明 #

• 初始化current_block_num为0，未进入任何pycode块时不替换#
• 每遇到一行包含\begin{pycode}，就把块编号加1
• 只要块编号大于0（即已经遇到至少一个pycode块），就用正则把当前行里所有的#替换成当前的块编号
• 逐行处理并写入新文件，保留原文件的格式和换行

测试示例 #

把你提供的示例内容保存为a.tex，运行脚本后，output.tex的内容会和你期望的输出完全一致：

\begin{pycode}
Some text right here, let's say Text 1A: like: There are 1cat and 1dog.
\end{pycode}
Some text right here, let's say Text 1B: like: One day the 1dog tried to run away.

\begin{pycode}
Some text right here, let's say Text 2A: like: There are 2cat and 2dog and 2pig.
\end{pycode}
Some text right here, let's say Text 2B: like: There is 2something here.

这个脚本会正确处理pycode块内、块后到下一个pycode块前的所有#标记，完全符合你的需求。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nam Phan