安卓Firebase Storage/Realtime Database权限异常：用户无对象访问权限

我开发了一个包含按钮和ImageView的简易安卓应用，点击按钮可显示drawable中的图片。已编写将图片上传至Firebase的代码，但onAddFailureListener抛出异常：User does not have permission to access this object。尝试过相关Stack Overflow解决方案但无效，请问该如何解决？

相关代码 #

MainActivity 代码 #

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST = 1;

    private Button mButtonChooseImage;
    private Button mButtonUpload;
    private TextView mTextViewShowUploads;
    private EditText mEditTextFileName;
    private ImageView mImageView;
    private ProgressBar mProgressBar;

    private Uri mImageUri;

    private StorageReference mStorageRef;
    private DatabaseReference mDatabaseRef;

    private StorageTask mUploadTask;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mButtonChooseImage = findViewById(R.id.button_choose_image);
        mButtonUpload = findViewById(R.id.button_upload);
        mTextViewShowUploads = findViewById(R.id.text_view_show_uploads);
        mEditTextFileName = findViewById(R.id.edit_text_file_name);
        mImageView = findViewById(R.id.image_view);
        mProgressBar = findViewById(R.id.progress_bar);

        mStorageRef = FirebaseStorage.getInstance().getReference("uploads");
        mDatabaseRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference("uploads");

        mButtonChooseImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                openFileChooser();
            }
        });

        mButtonUpload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (mUploadTask != null && mUploadTask.isInProgress()) {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload in progress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {
                    uploadFile();
                }
            }
        });

        mTextViewShowUploads.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                openImagesActivity();
            }
        });
    }

    private void openFileChooser() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setType("image/*");
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && resultCode == RESULT_OK
                && data != null && data.getData() != null) {
            mImageUri = data.getData();

            Picasso.get().load(mImageUri).into(mImageView);
        }
    }

    private String getFileExtension(Uri uri) {
        ContentResolver cR = getContentResolver();
        MimeTypeMap mime = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
        return mime.getExtensionFromMimeType(cR.getType(uri));
    }

    private void uploadFile() {

        if (mImageUri != null) {
            StorageReference fileReference = mStorageRef.child(System.currentTimeMillis()
                    + "." + getFileExtension(mImageUri));

            mUploadTask = fileReference.putFile(mImageUri)
                    .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<UploadTask.TaskSnapshot>() {
                        @Override
                        public void onSuccess(UploadTask.TaskSnapshot taskSnapshot) {
                            Handler handler = new Handler();
                            handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
                                @Override
                                public void run() {
                                    mProgressBar.setProgress(0);
                                }
                            }, 500);

                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Upload successful", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                            Upload upload = new Upload(mEditTextFileName.getText().toString().trim(),
               /*
                                    taskSnapshot.getMetadata().getReference().getDownloadUrl().toString());
                            String uploadId = mDatabaseRef.push().getKey();
                            mDatabaseRef.child(uploadId).setValue(upload);

                */
                                    Objects.requireNonNull(taskSnapshot.getMetadata()).getReference().getDownloadUrl().toString());
                            String uploadId = mDatabaseRef.push().getKey();
                            assert uploadId != null;
                            mDatabaseRef.child(uploadId).setValue(upload);
                        }
                    })
                    .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .addOnProgressListener(new OnProgressListener<UploadTask.TaskSnapshot>() {
                        @Override
                        public void onProgress(UploadTask.TaskSnapshot taskSnapshot) {
                            double progress = (100.0 * taskSnapshot.getBytesTransferred() / taskSnapshot.getTotalByteCount());
                            mProgressBar.setProgress((int) progress);
                        }
                    });
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "No file selected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private void openImagesActivity() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, ImagesActivity.class);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

Realtime Database 规则 #

{
  "rules": {
    ".read": true,
    ".write": true
  }
}

Storage 规则 #

rules_version = '2';
service firebase.storage {
  match /b/savephoto-a1cc3.appspot.com/o {
    match /{allPaths=**} {
      // Allow access by all users
      allow read, write;
    }
  }
}

解决步骤 #

• 确认Storage规则生效：当前规则已设置为允许全量读写，需确保规则在Firebase控制台保存后已生效，规则修改后可能需要数分钟同步到服务器。
• 核对存储桶名称：检查规则中的存储桶savephoto-a1cc3.appspot.com是否与Firebase控制台Storage页面显示的当前项目存储桶完全一致。
• 验证配置文件：确保安卓项目中的google-services.json是从当前Firebase项目下载的最新版本，无配置错误。
• 修复下载URL异步获取问题：代码中直接调用getDownloadUrl().toString()无法获取真实URL（该方法为异步操作），需改为异步回调方式获取，示例代码如下：

  taskSnapshot.getMetadata().getReference().getDownloadUrl().addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Uri>() {
      @Override
      public void onSuccess(Uri uri) {
          String downloadUrl = uri.toString();
          Upload upload = new Upload(mEditTextFileName.getText().toString().trim(), downloadUrl);
          String uploadId = mDatabaseRef.push().getKey();
          assert uploadId != null;
          mDatabaseRef.child(uploadId).setValue(upload);
      }
  });
  

• 临时调试规则（仅测试用）：若问题仍存在，可临时为Storage规则添加时间限制（如allow read, write if request.time < timestamp.date(2025, 1, 1);），确认是否为规则生效延迟导致，调试完成后需恢复安全规则。
• 检查网络状态：确保设备网络连接稳定，网络波动可能导致权限校验请求失败。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者junior