无法导入RulesTestContext和RulesTestEnvironment的Firestore规则测试问题

问题原因 #

你使用的@firebase/rules-unit-testing v2.x版本已移除RulesTestContext和RulesTestEnvironment这两个导出项，这是v2版本的API重大变更，旧教程里的写法不再适用。

修复步骤 #

1. 移除无效导入：删掉代码中对RulesTestEnvironment和RulesTestContext的导入，v2版本无需显式引入这些类型。
2. 修正变量声明：不需要给testEnv、authenticatedUser、unauthenticatedUser指定类型，直接声明空变量即可。
3. 修正断言调用：代码里的testing.assertSucceeds是错误写法，直接使用导入的assertSucceeds即可。

修改后的test.js代码 #

import { equal } from 'assert';
import * as fs from 'fs'; 
import {
  assertFails,
  assertSucceeds,
  initializeTestEnvironment,
} from "@firebase/rules-unit-testing";

const MY_PROJECT_ID = 'fir-flutter-3ec5c';
const testUserId = 'userId1';

describe('Firestore security rules', () => {
  let testEnv;
  let authenticatedUser;
  let unauthenticatedUser;

  beforeAll(async () => {
    testEnv = await initializeTestEnvironment({
      projectId: MY_PROJECT_ID,
      firestore: {
        rules: fs.readFileSync("firestore.rules", "utf8"),
        host: 'localhost',
        port: 8080,
      }
    });
  });

  beforeEach(async () => {
    await testEnv.withSecurityRulesDisabled(context => {
      const firestoreWithoutRule = context.firestore();
      return firestoreWithoutRule.collection('users').doc(testUserId).set({name: 'initial user name'});
    });
    authenticatedUser = testEnv.authenticatedContext(testUserId);
    unauthenticatedUser = testEnv.unauthenticatedContext();
  });

  it('Only authenticated Users can create', async () => {
    const createByAuthenticatedUser =  authenticatedUser.firestore()
      .collection('users').add({name: 'user name authenticated'});

    await assertSucceeds(createByAuthenticatedUser);
  });
});

额外说明 #

• v2版本的initializeTestEnvironment返回的实例直接包含所需方法，无需依赖旧的类型标注。
• 确保Firebase模拟器版本与@firebase/rules-unit-testing版本兼容，避免版本不匹配问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jorge