M1芯片+Ruby3.1.2环境下搭建Rails报错的解决求助

我的Ruby版本：

ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [arm64-darwin21]

执行rails -v或rails -s等命令时，出现以下错误：

/Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:32:in `require': incompatible library version - /Users/anhbui/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/bootsnap.bundle (LoadError)
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:32:in `require'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/compile_cache/iseq.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/compile_cache.rb:16:in `require_relative'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/compile_cache.rb:16:in `setup'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap.rb:55:in `setup'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap.rb:97:in `default_setup'
from /Users/xxx/.gem/ruby/3.1.2/gems/bootsnap-1.14.0/lib/bootsnap/setup.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/xxx/Desktop/Rails/freelancer/config/boot.rb:4:in `require'
from /Users/xxx/Desktop/Rails/freelancer/config/boot.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
from bin/rails:3:in `require_relative'
from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

环境配置：

• Ruby 3.1.2
• Yarn 1.22.19
• Node 19.0.1
• Rails 6.1.x（版本不确定）

解决方案 #

1. 重新编译Bootsnap原生扩展 #

这是最常见的修复方式，先卸载再重新安装：

gem uninstall bootsnap
bundle install

或者直接重置gem到原始状态：

bundle exec gem pristine bootsnap

2. 指定兼容的Bootsnap版本 #

如果当前Bootsnap版本（1.14.0）与Ruby 3.1.2不兼容，尝试降级到稳定兼容版本。修改项目的Gemfile：

gem 'bootsnap', '~> 1.13.0'

然后执行更新：

bundle update bootsnap

3. 清理Bootsnap缓存 #

缓存文件损坏也可能导致该问题，清理缓存目录：

rm -rf tmp/cache/bootsnap*

4. 检查架构一致性 #

你的Ruby是arm64架构，确保Bootsnap是基于该架构编译的。查看gem架构：

gem list -d bootsnap | grep Architecture

如果显示x86_64，重新安装时指定架构：

ARCHFLAGS="-arch arm64" bundle install

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nguyen Cuc