如何解决PowerShell 7.3中NuGet Provider与Find-Module安装错误

问题详情 #

运行包含Install-AWSToolsModule SecurityToken -Force的脚本时，触发以下系列报错：

初始提示 #

NuGet provider is required to continue
This version of PowerShellGet requires minimum version '2.8.5.201' of NuGet provider to publish an item to NuGet-based
repositories. The NuGet provider must be available in 'C:\Program Files\PackageManagement\ProviderAssemblies' or
'C:\Users\timothy.granata\AppData\Local\PackageManagement\ProviderAssemblies'. You can also install the NuGet provider
by running 'Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force'. Do you want PowerShellGet to install
and import the NuGet provider now?
[Y] Yes [N] No [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"):

输入Y后返回错误：

Find-Module: NuGet provider is required to interact with NuGet-based repositories. Please ensure that '2.8.5.201' or newer version of NuGet provider is installed.

手动执行推荐命令时报错：

Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force

输出：

Install-PackageProvider: Unable to find repository with SourceLocation ''. Use Get-PSRepository to see all available repositories.

运行Get-PSRepository同样报错：

Get-PackageSource: Unable to find module providers (PowerShellGet).

触发问题的脚本代码：

if (-not (Get-Module AWS.Tools.Installer -ListAvailable)) {
    Install-Module AWS.Tools.Installer -Force
}

Install-AWSToolsModule SecurityToken -Force

Get-AWSCredential -ListProfileDetail | ForEach-Object {
    Remove-AWSCredentialProfile -ProfileName $_.ProfileName -Force
}

已尝试的无效操作 #

• 重新安装PowerShell 7
• 执行[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12启用TLS 1.2
• 以管理员身份运行PowerShell
• 删除C:\Users\<user>\Documents\WindowsPowerShell路径下的Modules文件夹

可行解决方案 #

方案1：手动部署NuGet Provider文件 #

1. 获取版本≥2.8.5.201的NuGet Provider文件（NuGet.psd1和NuGet.dll）。
2. 将文件复制到以下任一目录：
   • 全局路径：C:\Program Files\PackageManagement\ProviderAssemblies（需管理员权限）
   • 用户路径：C:\Users\<你的用户名>\AppData\Local\PackageManagement\ProviderAssemblies
3. 重启PowerShell 7后重试脚本。

方案2：修复PowerShellGet与PackageManagement模块 #

以管理员身份启动PowerShell 7，依次执行以下命令：

# 卸载现有损坏模块
Uninstall-Module -Name PowerShellGet -AllVersions -Force
Uninstall-Module -Name PackageManagement -AllVersions -Force

# 重新安装最新版本
Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -Force -AllowClobber
Install-Module -Name PackageManagement -Force -AllowClobber

# 安装NuGet Provider
Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force

方案3：手动注册PSGallery仓库 #

若仓库丢失，先注册默认仓库再安装：

# 注册PSGallery仓库
Register-PSRepository -Default

# 指定仓库安装NuGet Provider
Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force -Repository PSGallery

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Timothy G.