Python3.6以上版本调用Py_Finalize()后出现段错误的技术问询

当前环境为Ubuntu 18.04 LTS，通过C++嵌入Python实现日志上传至Azure Application Insights。代码在Python3.6版本下运行正常，但该版本已停止官方维护。升级至更高版本Python后，重复调用Py_Initialize()和Py_Finalize()会触发段错误；若仅调用一次Py_Finalize()则不会崩溃，但日志无法上传至云端，且需保持应用持续运行。

安装Python与App Insight依赖 #

• sudo apt-get update
• sudo apt install python3.6（或更高版本）
• python3 -V（用于检查Python3版本）
• sudo apt-get install python3-dev
• sudo apt-get install libpython3.6-dev（需对应安装的Python版本调整，如Python3.8则改为libpython3.8-dev）
• sudo apt-get install python3-pip
• sudo apt install rustc
• sudo -H pip3 install setuptools_rust
• sudo -H pip3 install opencensus-ext-azure applicationinsights

代码示例 #

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Python.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdint.h>

void CallAppInsightUploadFunction();

int main()
{

    for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
    {
        Py_Initialize();
        CallAppInsightUploadFunction();
        std::cout << "Loop count: " + std::to_string(i) << std::endl;
        Py_Finalize();
    }

    printf("\nGood Bye...\n");
    return 0;
}

void CallAppInsightUploadFunction()
{

    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");

    PyRun_SimpleString("if not hasattr(sys, 'argv'):  sys.argv  = ['']");

    PyRun_SimpleString("import logging");

    PyRun_SimpleString("from opencensus.ext.azure.log_exporter import AzureLogHandler");

    PyRun_SimpleString("logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)");

    PyRun_SimpleString("logger.addHandler(AzureLogHandler(connection_string='InstrumentationKey=<YOUR-INSTRUMENTATION-KEY>'))");
    PyRun_SimpleString("logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)");
    PyRun_SimpleString("logger.info('Testing AppInsight Uploads from VM...')");
}

CMakeLists.txt文件 #

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
project(AppInsightTest)

find_package(PythonLibs 3 REQUIRED)
include_directories(include)
include_directories(${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS})

message("Python Include directory:")
message("${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS}")

message("Python Library:")
message("${PYTHON_LIBRARIES}")

set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)

include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

file(GLOB SOURCES src/*.cpp)

add_executable(AppInsightTest ${SOURCES})

target_link_libraries(AppInsightTest PRIVATE ${PYTHON_LIBRARIES} )

Python3.6下的运行输出 #

Loop count: 0
context.c:55: warning: mpd_setminalloc: ignoring request to set MPD_MINALLOC a second time

Loop count: 1
context.c:55: warning: mpd_setminalloc: ignoring request to set MPD_MINALLOC a second time

Loop count: 2
context.c:55: warning: mpd_setminalloc: ignoring request to set MPD_MINALLOC a second time

Loop count: 3
context.c:55: warning: mpd_setminalloc: ignoring request to set MPD_MINALLOC a second time

Loop count: 4
context.c:55: warning: mpd_setminalloc: ignoring request to set MPD_MINALLOC a second time

Loop count: 5

Good Bye...

预期输出 #

使用Python3.6以上版本运行相同代码时，应得到与上述一致的输出。使用Python3.8等更高版本时，需在cmake命令中添加以下参数：
-DPYTHON_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.so -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.8

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Gaurang