Python使用SMTP发送Gmail邮件时遇TimeoutError[WinError10060]求助

问题描述 #

我是Python新手，编写了一段使用SMTP发送Gmail邮件的脚本，但运行时出现超时错误。已尝试生成新的Gmail应用密码、修改端口号，问题仍未解决，特此求助。

错误信息 #

File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_3.9.3568.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\socket.py", line 832, in create_connection
sock.connect(sa)       
TimeoutError: [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond

我的代码 #

import smtplib

my_email = "myemail@gmail.com"
password = "mypassword"

with smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com") as connection:
   connection.starttls()
   connection.login(user=my_email, password=password)
   print("logged in")
   connection.sendmail(from_addr=my_email, to_addrs="myanotheremail@gmail.com", msg="Hello")

解决步骤 #

• 指定正确端口与协议：Gmail SMTP推荐两种配置，选其一即可：
  1. 用465端口配合SMTP_SSL：

  import smtplib
  
  my_email = "myemail@gmail.com"
  password = "mypassword"
  
  with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", 465) as connection:
      connection.login(user=my_email, password=password)
      # 构造符合标准的邮件内容，必须包含头信息
      msg = """From: {sender}
  

To: {receiver}
Subject: 测试邮件

Hello
""".format(sender=my_email, receiver="myanotheremail@gmail.com")
connection.sendmail(from_addr=my_email, to_addrs="myanotheremail@gmail.com", msg=msg)

2. 用587端口配合STARTTLS：
```python
import smtplib

my_email = "myemail@gmail.com"
password = "mypassword"

with smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587) as connection:
    connection.starttls()
    connection.login(user=my_email, password=password)
    # 构造符合标准的邮件内容，必须包含头信息
    msg = """From: {sender}
To: {receiver}
Subject: 测试邮件

Hello
""".format(sender=my_email, receiver="myanotheremail@gmail.com")
    connection.sendmail(from_addr=my_email, to_addrs="myanotheremail@gmail.com", msg=msg)

• 排查网络拦截：WinError 10060多由网络问题导致，比如本地防火墙/杀毒软件拦截SMTP连接，或所在网络（公司/校园网）屏蔽了Gmail的SMTP端口。可暂时关闭防火墙测试，或切换手机热点尝试。
• 验证应用密码有效性：确保Google账号已开启2步验证，应用密码是针对"邮件"类应用生成的，复制时无多余空格。
• 完善邮件格式：原代码中msg仅为"Hello"，不符合SMTP邮件标准格式，缺少From、To、Subject等头信息，这会导致服务器拒绝接收，必须按标准格式构造邮件内容。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Umar Arshad