部署至DigitalOcean时Node版本解析错误的排查求助

问题详情 #

我尝试将GitHub上的应用部署至DigitalOcean应用服务器，但构建失败。构建日志如下：

[2022-12-05 11:33:05] ╭──────────── git repo clone ───────────╼
[2022-12-05 11:33:05] │  › fetching app source code
[2022-12-05 11:33:05] │ => Selecting branch "master"
[2022-12-05 11:33:06] │ => Checking out commit "079ec218fe19fe3c2f73cce87cf61776e1f50dfa"
[2022-12-05 11:33:06] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:06] │  ✔ cloned repo to /workspace
[2022-12-05 11:33:07] ╰────────────────────────────────────────╼
[2022-12-05 11:33:07] 
[2022-12-05 11:33:07]  › configuring build-time app environment variables:
[2022-12-05 11:33:07]      KBOARDS_APP_KEY LOCAL_BASE_URL
[2022-12-05 11:33:07] 
[2022-12-05 11:33:07]  › configuring custom build command to be run at the end of the build:
[2022-12-05 11:33:07]    │ npm run build
[2022-12-05 11:33:07] 
[2022-12-05 11:33:07] ╭──────────── buildpack detection ───────────╼
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │ Detected the following buildpacks suitable to build your app:
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │    heroku/nodejs-engine   v0.5.1  
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │    digitalocean/node      v0.3.4  (Node.js)
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │    digitalocean/procfile  v0.0.3  (Procfile)
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │    digitalocean/custom    v0.1.1  (Custom Build Command)
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │ For documentation on the buildpacks used to build your app, please see:
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] │    Node.js  v0.3.4  https://do.co/apps-buildpack-node
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────╼
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] 
[2022-12-05 11:33:08] ╭──────────── app build ───────────╼
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> Node.js Buildpack
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> Installing toolbox
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> - jq
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> - yj
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> Getting Node version
[2022-12-05 11:33:09] │ ---> Resolving Node version
[2022-12-05 11:33:10] │ ERROR: failed to build: exit status 1
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │ For documentation on the buildpacks used to build your app, please see:
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │    Node.js  v0.3.4  https://do.co/apps-buildpack-node
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │ 
[2022-12-05 11:33:11] │  ✘ build failed

我的package.json中包含如下声明：

"version":"0.0.0",
  "engines": {
    "node": "^18.6.0",
    "npm": "^8.14.0"
  },

DigitalOcean应用拓扑结构如下：

databases:
- engine: PG
  name: kbdb
  num_nodes: 1
  size: professional-xs
  version: "12"
envs:
- key: LOCAL_BASE_URL
  scope: RUN_AND_BUILD_TIME
  value: ${APP_URL}
name: kboards-staging
region: fra
services:
- build_command: npm run build
  environment_slug: node-js
  envs:
  - key: DATABASE_URL
    scope: RUN_TIME
    value: ${kbdb.DATABASE_URL}
  github:
    branch: master
    repo: zpiecuch81/kBoards
  http_port: 8080
  instance_count: 1
  instance_size_slug: professional-s
  name: kboards
  routes:
  - path: /
  run_command: npm start
  source_dir: /

错误描述「ERROR: failed to build: exit status 1」参考价值有限，我不清楚问题所在。该应用在本地可正常运行，部署至Heroku服务器也能正常工作。请问问题根源可能是什么？有人遇到过类似问题吗？

另外：我曾三次尝试在DigitalOcean社区提问页面发布该问题，每次看起来都发布成功了，但之后始终找不到我的帖子:(

排查方向 #

• Node.js版本兼容性问题：你指定的Node.js版本是^18.6.0，而DigitalOcean使用的Node.js buildpack版本v0.3.4对Node.js 18.x的支持可能不完善。可以尝试修改engines里的Node版本为18.x，或者在项目根目录添加.nvmrc文件写入18.6.0强制指定版本。
• 构建依赖或环境变量问题：检查KBOARDS_APP_KEY等构建时环境变量是否正确赋值；可以修改build_command为npm install --verbose && npm run build，查看详细的依赖安装报错信息，排查是否有依赖缺失或权限问题。
• Buildpack冲突问题：日志中同时检测到heroku/nodejs-engine和digitalocean/node两个Node相关buildpack，可能存在冲突。可以在DigitalOcean应用设置中手动指定只使用digitalocean/node buildpack。
• 缓存问题：尝试清除DigitalOcean应用的构建缓存后重新触发部署，避免旧依赖或版本残留导致的问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者zap