如何关闭Word字段自动更新？解决VSTO插件插入图片性能问题

我开发了一个简单的Word VSTO插件，功能是从磁盘选择单张或多张图片插入当前文档，功能正常。但每次插入图片时，Word都会更新文档中所有字段，当文档里有上百张图片时，这个操作耗时极长。我需要在插入图片期间关闭字段自动更新，完成后再重新开启。

我尝试了以下方法：

• 程序启动时添加代码：

Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = True

• 程序结束时添加代码：

Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = False
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Update()

但每次插入图片时，Word仍会更新所有字段。有没有其他方法能实现需求？

编辑：插入图片的完整代码

Sub ImportPictures()

    Dim strPics As String = String.Empty
    Dim arrPics() As String
    Dim i As Long
    Dim vrtSelectedItem As Object = Nothing
    Dim tek As Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.InlineShape = Nothing
    Dim picName As String = String.Empty

    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = True

    '打开文件浏览器让用户选择图片
    Try
        Using OpenFileDialog1 As New OpenFileDialog()
            OpenFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "c:\\"
            OpenFileDialog1.Filter = "图片文件 (*.gif;*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.png;*.bmp)|*.gif;*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.png;*.bmp"
            OpenFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 1
            OpenFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = True
            OpenFileDialog1.Multiselect = True

            If OpenFileDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then
                For Each vrtSelectedItem In OpenFileDialog1.FileNames
                    strPics = strPics & "|" & vrtSelectedItem
                Next vrtSelectedItem

                strPics = Mid(strPics, 2)
                arrPics = Split(strPics, "|")
                System.Array.Sort(arrPics)

                For i = 0 To UBound(arrPics)
                    picName = Right(arrPics(i), Len(arrPics(i)) - InStrRev(arrPics(i), "\\"))
                    tek.LockAspectRatio = True
                    tek.ScaleHeight = 32.3
                    tek.Select()
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Paragraphs.Format.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.InsertCaption(Label:="Figure", Title:=": " & picName, Position:=word.WdCaptionPosition.wdCaptionPositionBelow)
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.Collapse(word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd)
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.TypeParagraph()
                Next i
            Else
                MsgBox("用户取消了选择。")
            End If
        End Using
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = False
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Update()

    Catch ex As Exception
        MsgBox(ex.Message, MsgBoxStyle.SystemModal, "错误")
    End Try

End Sub

只锁定字段Fields.Locked不足以阻止Word的自动更新，尤其是插入题注（InsertCaption）这类操作会触发编号更新。可以通过以下组合方法解决：

1. 禁用Word全局自动更新选项 #

插入图片前修改应用程序级的自动更新设置，操作完成后恢复：

' 保存原有设置
Dim originalUpdateFields As Boolean = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint
Dim originalUpdateLinks As Boolean = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint

' 关闭自动更新
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint = False
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint = False

操作结束后恢复：

' 恢复原有设置
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint = originalUpdateFields
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint = originalUpdateLinks

2. 暂停屏幕更新减少开销 #

同时暂停Word的屏幕刷新，避免频繁界面重绘拖慢速度：

' 暂停屏幕更新
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ScreenUpdating = False

完成后恢复：

' 恢复屏幕更新
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ScreenUpdating = True

3. 修改题注插入逻辑 #

InsertCaption是触发字段更新的核心原因之一，可先插入纯文本临时题注，所有图片插入完成后再统一处理自动编号：

' 替换自动题注为纯文本，避免实时更新
Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.TypeText("Figure " & (i+1) & ": " & picName)

完整修改后的代码示例 #

Sub ImportPictures()

    Dim strPics As String = String.Empty
    Dim arrPics() As String
    Dim i As Long
    Dim vrtSelectedItem As Object = Nothing
    Dim tek As Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.InlineShape = Nothing
    Dim picName As String = String.Empty

    ' 保存原有设置
    Dim originalUpdateFields As Boolean = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint
    Dim originalUpdateLinks As Boolean = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint
    Dim originalScreenUpdating As Boolean = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ScreenUpdating

    Try
        ' 关闭自动更新与屏幕刷新
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint = False
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint = False
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ScreenUpdating = False
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = True

        '打开文件浏览器让用户选择图片
        Using OpenFileDialog1 As New OpenFileDialog()
            OpenFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "c:\\"
            OpenFileDialog1.Filter = "图片文件 (*.gif;*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.png;*.bmp)|*.gif;*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.png;*.bmp"
            OpenFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 1
            OpenFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = True
            OpenFileDialog1.Multiselect = True

            If OpenFileDialog1.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK Then
                For Each vrtSelectedItem In OpenFileDialog1.FileNames
                    strPics = strPics & "|" & vrtSelectedItem
                Next vrtSelectedItem

                strPics = Mid(strPics, 2)
                arrPics = Split(strPics, "|")
                System.Array.Sort(arrPics)

                For i = 0 To UBound(arrPics)
                    ' 补充原始代码缺失的插入图片步骤
                    tek = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture( _
                        FileName:=arrPics(i), _
                        LinkToFile:=False, _
                        SaveWithDocument:=True)
                    
                    picName = Right(arrPics(i), Len(arrPics(i)) - InStrRev(arrPics(i), "\\"))
                    tek.LockAspectRatio = True
                    tek.ScaleHeight = 32.3
                    tek.Select()
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Paragraphs.Format.Alignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter
                    
                    ' 插入临时文本题注，避免触发自动更新
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.Collapse(word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd)
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.TypeParagraph()
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.TypeText("Figure " & (i+1) & ": " & picName)
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.Collapse(word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd)
                    Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.TypeParagraph()
                Next i
            Else
                MsgBox("用户取消了选择。")
            End If
        End Using

    Catch ex As Exception
        MsgBox(ex.Message, MsgBoxStyle.SystemModal, "错误")
    Finally
        ' 恢复所有原有设置
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Locked = False
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateFieldsAtPrint = originalUpdateFields
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Options.UpdateLinksAtPrint = originalUpdateLinks
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ScreenUpdating = originalScreenUpdating
        
        ' 手动更新所有字段（按需启用）
        Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveDocument.Fields.Update()
    End Try

End Sub

注：原始代码缺失插入图片的核心步骤AddPicture，修改后的代码已补充该逻辑，否则tek对象会为空导致运行报错。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Perry 59