部署Django项目时Gunicorn报错：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'authentication.wsgi'

尝试将Django项目部署到生产服务器，配置Gunicorn时失败，求解决办法。

执行的命令 #

gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 authentication.wsgi

注：authentication为应用名称

错误日志 #

[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79282] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.1.0
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79282] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:8000 (79282)
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79282] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79284] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 79284
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79284] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 589, in spawn_worker
    worker.init_process()
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 134, in init_process
    self.load_wsgi()
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 146, in load_wsgi
    self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
    self.callable = self.load()
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 58, in load
    return self.load_wsgiapp()
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 48, in load_wsgiapp
    return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
  File "/home/web/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 359, in import_app
    mod = importlib.import_module(module)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 973, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'authentication.wsgi'
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79284] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 79284)
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79282] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
[2022-12-08 14:52:29 +0530] [79282] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

重点错误 #

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'authentication.wsgi'

wsgi.py文件内容 #

"""
WSGI config for Database project.

It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'Database.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

解决办法 #

• 修正Gunicorn命令：从wsgi.py内容可知项目名称是Database，wsgi文件属于项目根目录（而非应用目录），因此正确命令应为：

  gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 Database.wsgi
  

• 切换到项目根目录执行：确保你在包含manage.py的项目根目录下运行Gunicorn，否则无法识别项目模块。
• 配置Python路径：如果项目不在Python默认搜索路径中，可通过环境变量指定：

  export PYTHONPATH=/path/to/your/project:$PYTHONPATH
  gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 Database.wsgi
  

• 验证模块可用性：在项目根目录启动Python交互环境，执行from Database import wsgi，若导入成功则路径配置正确，再重新运行Gunicorn。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ISMAIL MULLA