Django Channels环境下WebSocket无法通过Postman连接问题求助

问题描述 #

在Mac本地运行Django项目，使用Channels实现WebSocket连接：

• 通过项目内的.html页面可正常连接WebSocket并收发消息
• 相同URL无法在Postman或websocketking.com等外部工具中建立连接
• 部署到正式服务器后问题依旧，仅网页能成功建立连接

相关代码与配置 #

网页连接代码（myTemplate.html） #

const ws = new WebSocket(
                'ws://'
                + window.location.host
                +'/ws/test/?token='
                +'**mytoken**'
            );

ASGI配置（asgi.py） #

import os
import django

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'spacetime.settings.dev')
django.setup()


from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter,get_default_application
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.security.websocket import AllowedHostsOriginValidator
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
from django.urls import path, re_path
from django_channels_jwt_auth_middleware.auth import JWTAuthMiddlewareStack




from myapp import consumers, routing
 
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    'http': get_asgi_application(),
    'websocket': AllowedHostsOriginValidator(
        JWTAuthMiddlewareStack(
            URLRouter(
                routing.websocket_urlpatterns
            )
        )
    ),
})

Django设置（settings.py） #

ASGI_APPLICATION = 'spacetime.asgi.application'
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer",
        "CONFIG": {
            "hosts": [("localhost", 6379)],
        },
    },
}

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'daphne',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    ***
]

日志信息 #

项目启动日志（VSCode控制台） #

Django version 4.1.2, using settings 'spacetime.settings.dev'
Starting ASGI/Daphne version 4.0.0 development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

网页连接成功日志 #

HTTP GET /my/socket/view/ 200 [0.01, 127.0.0.1:60258]
WebSocket HANDSHAKING /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:60260]
WebSocket CONNECT /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:60260]

websocketking.com连接失败日志 #

WebSocket HANDSHAKING /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:60759]
WebSocket REJECT /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:60759]
WebSocket DISCONNECT /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:60759]

Postman请求信息 #

Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/ws/test/?token=mytoken
Request Method: GET
Status Code: 403 Access denied
Request Headers
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Sec-WebSocket-Key: 0VRmdvoFhma7lndljwIY6w==
Connection: Upgrade
Upgrade: websocket
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
Response Headers

确认token有效

websocketking.com提示信息 #

Could not connect to "ws://127.0.0.1:8000/ws/test/?token=**mytoken**". You may be able to find more information using Inspector/Dev Tools on this page.

Connecting to ws://127.0.0.1:8000/ws/test/?token=**mytoken**

提问 #

请问是什么原因导致无法通过Postman连接？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ihor Kram