Rust中FindAppointmentsAsync的&self参数传入及AppointmentStore初始化问题

我是Rust新手，正在使用windows crate，但不清楚FindAppointmentsAsync函数中的&self参数应如何设置。以下是我的项目配置和代码：

Cargo.toml #

[package]
name = "rust-test"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[dependencies]

[dependencies.windows]
version = "0.43.0"
features = [
    "ApplicationModel",
    "ApplicationModel_Appointments",
    "Foundation_Collections",
]

main.rs #

use std::time::Duration;

use windows::{
    core::*, ApplicationModel::Appointments::*, Foundation::{DateTime, TimeSpan},
};

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let rangestart = DateTime::default();
    let rangelength = TimeSpan::from(Duration::new(60 * 60 * 24 * 30, 0));
    println!("test");

    unsafe {
        let store = AppointmentStore();
        let result = AppointmentStore::FindAppointmentsAsync(&store, rangestart, rangelength);
    }

    Ok(())
}

我尝试了几种初始化AppointmentStore的方式，但均出现错误：

• 使用let store = AppointmentStore::new();时，报错：no function or associated item named 'new' found
• 使用let store = AppointmentStore();时，报错：expected 1 argument, found 0
• 使用let store = AppointmentStore("");时，报错：cannot initialize a tuple struct which contains private fields

Windows Runtime API中，AppointmentStore不能直接实例化，必须通过AppointmentManager::RequestStoreAsync异步方法获取——这是因为访问日历存储需要系统权限，该方法会处理权限申请并返回合法的存储实例。

修改后的完整代码 #

use std::time::Duration;

use windows::{
    core::*, ApplicationModel::Appointments::*, Foundation::{DateTime, TimeSpan},
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let rangestart = DateTime::default();
    let rangelength = TimeSpan::from(Duration::new(60 * 60 * 24 * 30, 0));

    // 异步请求日历存储实例，指定访问权限
    let store = AppointmentManager::RequestStoreAsync(AppointmentStoreAccessType::AllCalendarsReadWrite)
        .await?;

    // 调用实例方法FindAppointmentsAsync，无需手动传递&self
    let appointments = store.FindAppointmentsAsync(rangestart, rangelength)
        .await?;

    println!("找到{}个预约", appointments.Size()?);

    Ok(())
}

更新后的Cargo.toml #

需要添加异步运行时依赖和Windows异步API的feature：

[package]
name = "rust-test"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[dependencies]
tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }

[dependencies.windows]
version = "0.43.0"
features = [
    "ApplicationModel",
    "ApplicationModel_Appointments",
    "Foundation_Collections",
    "Foundation_Async",
]

关键细节说明 #

1. 实例获取逻辑：RequestStoreAsync是获取AppointmentStore的唯一合法途径，需传入AppointmentStoreAccessType枚举指定权限等级（如AllCalendarsReadWrite表示读写所有日历）。
2. 异步处理：Windows Runtime API多为异步设计，需用async/await配合异步运行时（如tokio）处理结果。
3. 方法调用方式：FindAppointmentsAsync是AppointmentStore的实例方法，获取到实例后直接通过store.FindAppointmentsAsync(...)调用即可，Rust会自动处理&self的传递。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Topaz Rindu Nabiyallah