部署Nuxt应用至Vercel遇Error:0308010C错误求助

问题描述 #

将Nuxt 2.x应用部署到Vercel时，触发以下加密算法兼容错误：

Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
    at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:71:19)
    at Object.createHash (node:crypto:133:10)
    at module.exports (/vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/lib/util/createHash.js:135:53)
    at NormalModule._initBuildHash (/vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/lib/NormalModule.js:417:16)
    at handleParseError (/vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/lib/NormalModule.js:471:10)
    at /vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/lib/NormalModule.js:503:5
    at /vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/lib/NormalModule.js:358:12
    at /vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/node_modules/loader-runner/lib/LoaderRunner.js:373:3
    at iterateNormalLoaders (/vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/node_modules/loader-runner/lib/LoaderRunner.js:214:10)
    at Array.<anonymous> (/vercel/path0/node_modules/webpack/node_modules/loader-runner/lib/LoaderRunner.js:205:4)
    at Storage.finished (/vercel/path0/node_modules/enhanced-resolve/lib/CachedInputFileSystem.js:55:16)
    at /vercel/path0/node_modules/enhanced-resolve/lib/CachedInputFileSystem.js:91:9
    at /vercel/path0/node_modules/graceful-fs/graceful-fs.js:123:16
    at FSReqCallback.readFileAfterClose [as oncomplete] (node:internal/fs/read_file_context:68:3) {
  opensslErrorStack: [ 'error:03000086:digital envelope routines::initialization error' ],
  library: 'digital envelope routines',
  reason: 'unsupported',
  code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED'
}
Node.js v18.12.1
Error: Command failed with exit code 1: npx nuxt build --standalone --no-lock --config-file "nuxt.config.js" /vercel/path0

本地将Node.js降级到16+后问题解决，但生产环境仍报错。尝试在package.json的scripts中添加--openssl-legacy-provider参数无效，当前package.json配置如下：

{
  "name": "my-project",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "nuxt",
    "build": "nuxt build",
    "start": "nuxt start",
    "generate": "nuxt generate"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@nuxtjs/axios": "^5.13.6",
    "@nuxtjs/vercel-builder": "^0.24.0",
    "@nuxtjs/vuetify": "^1.12.3",
    "@stripe/stripe-js": "^1.46.0",
    "cookie-parser": "^1.4.6",
    "cookieparser": "^0.1.0",
    "cors": "^2.8.5",
    "express": "^4.18.2",
    "gsap": "npm:@gsap/shockingly@^3.11.3",
    "nuxt": "^2.14.6",
    "nuxt-gsap-module": "^1.7.2",
    "stripe": "^11.3.0",
    "vuex-persistedstate": "^4.1.0"
  }
}

解决方案 #

方案1：指定Vercel使用Node.js 16版本 #

Vercel默认使用较新的Node.js版本（如上述错误中的18.12.1），而Nuxt 2.x与Node.js 18+的OpenSSL加密算法不兼容。可通过以下两种方式指定Node版本：

• 在项目根目录创建.nvmrc文件，内容为：16
• 在package.json中添加engines字段：

  {
    "engines": {
      "node": "16.x"
    }
  }
  

配置后Vercel会自动使用Node.js 16环境构建，与本地一致，避免兼容问题。

方案2：正确配置--openssl-legacy-provider参数 #

若不想降级Node.js，需在启动命令前添加环境变量参数，修改package.json的scripts：

{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider nuxt",
    "build": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider nuxt build",
    "start": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider nuxt start",
    "generate": "NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider nuxt generate"
  }
}

注：Vercel使用Linux环境，上述写法有效；Windows本地开发需改为set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && nuxt。

方案3：升级Nuxt版本（可选） #

Nuxt 3.x已修复与Node.js 18+的兼容问题，若项目允许，可升级到Nuxt 3从根源解决该问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nicolas