Blazor Server部署至Ubuntu服务器后无法调用Binance测试网接口

本地运行正常，发布到Ubuntu服务器后调用testnet.binance.vision接口报错，报错信息如下：

fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Server.Circuits.CircuitHost[111]
Unhandled exception in circuit 'YT-5hUsabWHhqsnewYD0_YAdubDWkaPxkx144q2ZYN0'.
Binance.Common.BinanceClientException: Exception of type 'Binance.Common.BinanceClientException' was thrown.
at Binance.Common.BinanceService.SendAsync[T](String requestUri, HttpMethod httpMethod, Object content)
at Binance.Common.BinanceService.SendPublicAsync[T](String requestUri, HttpMethod httpMethod, Dictionary`2 query, Object content)
at Binance.Spot.Market.CurrentAveragePrice(String symbol)
at TORCHAIN.Components.CryptoTracker.PricesComponent.OnInitializedAsync() in A:\Users\sam_sepi0l\Desktop\PROJECTS\NEWFORUM\TORCHAIN\Components\CryptoTracker\PricesComponent.razor.cs:line 25
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.ComponentBase.RunInitAndSetParametersAsync()
at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.RenderTree.Renderer.GetErrorHandledTask(Task taskToHandle, ComponentState owningComponentState)

报错发生在代码第25行：

var result = await market.CurrentAveragePrice(symbol);

接口调用相关代码：

private static HttpClient _httpClient = new HttpClient();
public List<string> Lista = new List<string>();
protected async override Task OnInitializedAsync()
{
    #region BinanceAPI
    using (_httpClient = new HttpClient())
    {
        _httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://testnet.binance.vision");
        _httpClient.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5);
        _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Clear();
        _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"));
        _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("X-MBX-APIKEY", "APIKEY");
        _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("SecretKey", "SECRETKEY");
        var symbol = "BTCBUSD";
        var market = new Market(_httpClient);
        var result = await market.CurrentAveragePrice(symbol);
        BinancePrice? Token = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<BinancePrice>(result);
        Lista.Add(Token!.Price.ToString());
    }
    #endregion
}

更新疑问 #

怀疑是Linux环境代理配置导致问题，需要调整哪些配置解决？

针对Ubuntu环境下的代理及相关网络问题，按以下步骤排查和配置：

1. 系统全局代理排查与配置 #

• 查看当前系统是否设置全局代理：

  echo $http_proxy
  echo $https_proxy
  

• 若输出非空且服务器无需代理访问外网，清空代理：

  unset http_proxy
  unset https_proxy
  

• 若需保留代理但Binance接口无需走代理，添加例外：

  export NO_PROXY="testnet.binance.vision,localhost,127.0.0.1"
  

• 要让配置永久生效，编辑~/.bashrc或/etc/profile文件，添加上述命令后执行source ~/.bashrc生效。

2. .NET应用层面代理控制 #

方式一：代码中强制禁用代理 #

修改HttpClient初始化逻辑，绕过系统代理：

using (_httpClient = new HttpClient(new HttpClientHandler { UseProxy = false }))
{
    // 原有BaseAddress、请求头等配置...
}

方式二：通过配置文件管理代理 #

在appsettings.json中添加代理规则：

{
  "HttpClient": {
    "Proxy": {
      "Enabled": false,
      "BypassList": ["testnet.binance.vision"]
    }
  }
}

若需要指定代理，配置如下：

{
  "HttpClient": {
    "Proxy": {
      "Enabled": true,
      "Address": "http://your-proxy:port",
      "BypassOnLocal": true,
      "BypassList": ["testnet.binance.vision"]
    }
  }
}

然后在Program.cs中读取配置并注入HttpClient：

builder.Services.AddHttpClient("BinanceClient", client =>
{
    client.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://testnet.binance.vision");
    client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"));
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("X-MBX-APIKEY", "APIKEY");
}).ConfigurePrimaryHttpMessageHandler(() =>
{
    var proxyConfig = builder.Configuration.GetSection("HttpClient:Proxy");
    var handler = new HttpClientHandler();
    if (proxyConfig.GetValue<bool>("Enabled"))
    {
        handler.Proxy = new WebProxy(proxyConfig["Address"]);
        handler.BypassProxyOnLocal = proxyConfig.GetValue<bool>("BypassOnLocal");
        var bypassList = proxyConfig.GetSection("BypassList").Get<string[]>();
        if (bypassList != null)
        {
            foreach (var host in bypassList)
            {
                handler.Proxy.BypassList.Add(host);
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        handler.UseProxy = false;
    }
    return handler;
});

组件中注入使用命名HttpClient：

private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;

public PricesComponent(IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory)
{
    _httpClient = httpClientFactory.CreateClient("BinanceClient");
}

3. 网络连通性与防火墙检查 #

• 测试服务器到Binance测试网的连通性：

  curl -v https://testnet.binance.vision/api/v3/avgPrice?symbol=BTCBUSD
  

• 若curl无法访问，开放出站HTTPS端口：

  sudo ufw allow out 443/tcp
  

• 若仍无法访问，检查服务器所在网络的安全组规则，确认已开放对testnet.binance.vision的出站访问权限。

4. SSL证书问题修复 #

Linux环境可能缺少根证书导致HTTPS验证失败，安装并更新证书：

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ca-certificates -y
sudo update-ca-certificates

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Software Architect