升级macOS与Xcode后React Native命令行运行失败求助

问题场景 #

将macOS从12.3升级到13.1，Xcode从13.1升级到14.1并安装Command Line Tools后，React Native应用可通过Xcode正常运行，但使用react-native run-ios命令行启动时出现以下错误：

2022-12-13 16:36:47.584 xcodebuild[3616:20381] Writing error result bundle to /var/folders/zn/6l6295m57kb3vn_8pyn8xtbr0000gn/T/ResultBundle_2022-13-12_16-36-0047.xcresult
xcodebuild: error: SDK "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk" cannot be located.
xcrun: error: Failed to determine realpath of '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk' (errno=No such file or directory)
xcrun: error: sh -c '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/xcodebuild -sdk /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk -find simctl 2> /dev/null' failed with exit code 16384: (null) (errno=No such file or directory)
xcrun: error: unable to find utility "simctl", not a developer tool or in PATH
error Could not get the simulator list from Xcode. Please open Xcode and try running project directly from there to resolve the remaining issues.
Error: Command failed: xcrun simctl list --json devices
2022-12-13 16:36:47.584 xcodebuild[3616:20381] Writing error result bundle to /var/folders/zn/6l6295m57kb3vn_8pyn8xtbr0000gn/T/ResultBundle_2022-13-12_16-36-0047.xcresult
xcodebuild: error: SDK "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk" cannot be located.
xcrun: error: Failed to determine realpath of '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk' (errno=No such file or directory)
xcrun: error: sh -c '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/xcodebuild -sdk /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX12.3.sdk -find simctl 2> /dev/null' failed with exit code 16384: (null) (errno=No such file or directory)
xcrun: error: unable to find utility "simctl", not a developer tool or in PATH

    at checkExecSyncError (node:child_process:828:11)
    at Object.execFileSync (node:child_process:863:15)

临时执行export SDKROOT=$(xcrun -sdk macosx --show-sdk-path)后可正常启动，但关闭终端后问题复现，已尝试sudo xcode-select --reset和sudo xcode-select --install无效。

解决方案 #

1. 永久设置SDKROOT环境变量 #

问题根源是系统默认的SDKROOT仍指向旧版本的MacOSX12.3.sdk，而Xcode 14.1已使用MacOSX13.sdk，需将SDKROOT永久写入shell配置文件：

• 若使用zsh（macOS默认shell）：
  1. 打开配置文件：open ~/.zshrc
  2. 在文件末尾添加：export SDKROOT=$(xcrun -sdk macosx --show-sdk-path)
  3. 保存文件后执行：source ~/.zshrc使设置立即生效
• 若使用bash：
  1. 打开配置文件：open ~/.bash_profile（或~/.bashrc）
  2. 同样添加上述export语句
  3. 执行：source ~/.bash_profile（或对应文件）生效

2. 确认Xcode Command Line Tools路径正确 #

执行以下命令检查当前Xcode路径：

xcode-select -p

若输出不是/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer，执行以下命令修正：

sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

3. 验证设置有效性 #

重启终端后，执行以下命令查看SDKROOT是否正确指向当前Xcode的SDK路径：

echo $SDKROOT

预期输出应为类似：/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX13.sdk，此时再运行react-native run-ios即可正常启动应用。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Joshi G