如何通过API获取以MySQL为数据源的Grafana仪表板数据？

Great question! While Grafana doesn’t have a dedicated "MySQL records" endpoint, it offers a generic Datasource Query API that lets you send queries directly to your connected MySQL datasource—just like how you used Prometheus’s Instant Queries API. Here’s how to make it work:

1. Get Your MySQL Datasource UID #

First, you need the unique identifier (UID) of your MySQL datasource in Grafana. You can get this two ways:

• Via Grafana UI: Go to Configuration > Data Sources, select your MySQL datasource. The UID will be visible in the page URL (e.g., /datasources/edit/abc123) or displayed prominently on the datasource settings page.
• Via API: Use the datasources list endpoint to fetch all connected datasources and filter for your MySQL one:

  curl -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_GRAFANA_API_KEY" https://your-grafana-url.com/api/datasources
  

  Look for the entry with type: "mysql" and grab its uid value.

2. Send a Query to the Datasource API #

Use the /api/datasources/uid/<YOUR_MYSQL_UID>/query endpoint to execute your MySQL query through Grafana. This acts as a proxy between your application and the MySQL database, using the credentials Grafana already has stored.

Here’s an example curl command:

curl -X POST -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_GRAFANA_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  https://your-grafana-url.com/api/datasources/uid/mysql-ds-xyz/query \
  -d '{
    "queries": [
      {
        "refId": "A",
        "sql": "SELECT timestamp, metric_value FROM your_metrics_table WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL 24 HOUR",
        "format": "table"
      }
    ],
    "from": "now-24h",
    "to": "now"
  }'

Key Parameters: #

• refId: A unique identifier for your query (useful if sending multiple queries in one request).
• sql: Your actual MySQL query (the same one you use in your Grafana panels).
• format: Choose "table" for row-based data or "time_series" if you need data formatted for time series charts.
• from/to: Optional time range parameters (aligns with Grafana’s time picker; you can use relative values like now-24h or absolute timestamps).

3. Parse the Response #

The API returns a structured JSON response with your MySQL data. Here’s a simplified example:

{
  "results": {
    "A": {
      "frames": [
        {
          "schema": {
            "fields": [
              {"name": "timestamp", "type": "time"},
              {"name": "metric_value", "type": "number"}
            ]
          },
          "data": {
            "values": [
              [1690000000000, 1690003600000],
              [45.2, 52.8]
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

The values array contains rows of data, with each sub-array corresponding to a field in your query.

Alternative: Reuse Dashboard Panel Queries #

If you want to pull the exact queries already configured in your Grafana dashboard panels:

1. Fetch the dashboard JSON using GET /api/dashboards/uid/<DASHBOARD_UID>.
2. Locate the panel you want in the panels array, then extract the query from panels[].targets[].sql.
3. Plug that query into the datasource API request above. This is great if you want to avoid duplicating query logic.

Important Notes #

• API Key Permissions: Create an API key in Grafana (Configuration > API Keys) with a role like Editor or Admin—Viewer roles typically don’t have permission to execute datasource queries.
• Variable Substitution: If your panel uses Grafana variables (e.g., $time_range, $metric), you’ll need to substitute those values in your query before sending it, or resolve them using Grafana’s /api/templating/values endpoint.
• Rate Limiting: Be mindful of Grafana’s API rate limits to avoid being blocked.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Tech Girl